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Enum: Data Category (EnumDataCategory)

Categories of data which may be collected about participants.

URI: [includedcc:EnumDataCategory](https://includedcc.org/include-access-model/EnumDataCategory) ## Enumeration Source **Reachable From:** - **Source:** NONE - **Nodes:** edam:topic_0003 - **Via:** rdfs:subClassOf ## Permissible Values | Value | Meaning | Description | Additional Info | | --- | --- | --- | --- | | edam:topic_0077 | edam:topic_0077 | The processing and analysis of nucleic acid sequence, structural and other da... | Title: Nucleic acids
| | edam:topic_0078 | edam:topic_0078 | Archival, processing and analysis of protein data, typically molecular sequen... | Title: Proteins
| | edam:topic_0080 | edam:topic_0080 | The archival, processing and analysis of molecular sequences (monomer composi... | Title: Sequence analysis
| | edam:topic_0081 | edam:topic_0081 | The curation, processing, analysis and prediction of data about the structure... | Title: Structure analysis
| | edam:topic_0082 | edam:topic_0082 | The prediction of molecular structure, including the prediction, modelling, r... | Title: Structure prediction
| | edam:topic_0084 | edam:topic_0084 | The study of evolutionary relationships amongst organisms | Title: Phylogeny
| | edam:topic_0085 | edam:topic_0085 | The study of gene or protein functions and their interactions in totality in ... | Title: Functional genomics
| | edam:topic_0089 | edam:topic_0089 | The conceptualisation, categorisation and nomenclature (naming) of entities o... | Title: Ontology and terminology
| | edam:topic_0091 | edam:topic_0091 | The archival, curation, processing and analysis of complex biological data | Title: Bioinformatics
| | edam:topic_0092 | edam:topic_0092 | Rendering (drawing on a computer screen) or visualisation of molecular sequen... | Title: Data visualisation
| | edam:topic_0097 | edam:topic_0097 | The archival, curation, processing and analysis of nucleic acid structural in... | Title: Nucleic acid structure analysis
| | edam:topic_0099 | edam:topic_0099 | RNA sequences and structures | Title: RNA
| | edam:topic_0102 | edam:topic_0102 | The mapping of complete (typically nucleotide) sequences | Title: Mapping
| | edam:topic_0108 | edam:topic_0108 | The translation of mRNA into protein and subsequent protein processing in the... | Title: Protein expression
| | edam:topic_0114 | edam:topic_0114 | Gene structure, regions which make an RNA product and features such as promot... | Title: Gene structure
| | edam:topic_0121 | edam:topic_0121 | Proteomics is in the narrow sense (sensu stricto) the application of methods ... | Title: Proteomics
| | edam:topic_0122 | edam:topic_0122 | The elucidation of the three dimensional structure for all (available) protei... | Title: Structural genomics
| | edam:topic_0123 | edam:topic_0123 | The study of the physical and biochemical properties of peptides and proteins... | Title: Protein properties
| | edam:topic_0128 | edam:topic_0128 | Protein-protein, protein-DNA/RNA and protein-ligand interactions, including a... | Title: Protein interactions
| | edam:topic_0130 | edam:topic_0130 | Protein stability, folding (in 3D space) and protein sequence-structure-funct... | Title: Protein folding, stability and design
| | edam:topic_0140 | edam:topic_0140 | The study of how proteins are transported within and without the cell, includ... | Title: Protein targeting and localisation
| | edam:topic_0152 | edam:topic_0152 | Carbohydrates, typically including structural information | Title: Carbohydrates
| | edam:topic_0153 | edam:topic_0153 | Lipids and their structures | Title: Lipidomics
| | edam:topic_0154 | edam:topic_0154 | Small molecules of biological significance, typically archival, curation, pro... | Title: Small molecules
| | edam:topic_0157 | edam:topic_0157 | The archival, processing and analysis of the basic character composition of m... | Title: Sequence composition, complexity and repeats
| | edam:topic_0160 | edam:topic_0160 | The archival, detection, prediction and analysis of positional features such ... | Title: Sequence sites, features and motifs
| | edam:topic_0166 | edam:topic_0166 | Structural features or common 3D motifs within protein structures, including ... | Title: Protein structural motifs and surfaces
| | edam:topic_0176 | edam:topic_0176 | The study and simulation of molecular (typically protein) conformation using ... | Title: Molecular dynamics
| | edam:topic_0194 | edam:topic_0194 | The integrated study of evolutionary relationships and whole genome data, for... | Title: Phylogenomics
| | edam:topic_0196 | edam:topic_0196 | The assembly of fragments of a DNA sequence to reconstruct the original seque... | Title: Sequence assembly
| | edam:topic_0199 | edam:topic_0199 | Stable, naturally occurring mutations in a nucleotide sequence including alle... | Title: Genetic variation
| | edam:topic_0202 | edam:topic_0202 | The study of drugs and their effects or responses in living systems | Title: Pharmacology
| | edam:topic_0203 | edam:topic_0203 | The analysis of levels and patterns of synthesis of gene products (proteins a... | Title: Gene expression
| | edam:topic_0204 | edam:topic_0204 | The regulation of gene expression | Title: Gene regulation
| | edam:topic_0208 | edam:topic_0208 | The influence of genotype on drug response, for example by correlating gene e... | Title: Pharmacogenomics
| | edam:topic_0209 | edam:topic_0209 | The design and chemical synthesis of bioactive molecules, for example drugs o... | Title: Medicinal chemistry
| | edam:topic_0218 | edam:topic_0218 | The processing and analysis of natural language, such as scientific literatur... | Title: Natural language processing
| | edam:topic_0219 | edam:topic_0219 | Data curation and archival includes the preservation of data in a repository,... | Title: Data curation and archival
| | edam:topic_0593 | edam:topic_0593 | An analytical technique that exploits the magenetic properties of certain ato... | Title: NMR
| | edam:topic_0601 | edam:topic_0601 | Protein chemical modifications, e | Title: Protein modifications
| | edam:topic_0602 | edam:topic_0602 | Molecular interactions, biological pathways, networks and other models | Title: Molecular interactions, pathways and networks
| | edam:topic_0605 | edam:topic_0605 | The study and practice of information processing and use of computer informat... | Title: Informatics
| | edam:topic_0607 | edam:topic_0607 | Laboratory management and resources, for example, catalogues of biological re... | Title: Laboratory information management
| | edam:topic_0610 | edam:topic_0610 | The ecological and environmental sciences and especially the application of i... | Title: Ecology
| | edam:topic_0611 | edam:topic_0611 | The study of matter by studying the interference pattern from firing electron... | Title: Electron microscopy
| | edam:topic_0621 | edam:topic_0621 | A specific organism, or group of organisms, used to study a particular aspect... | Title: Model organisms
| | edam:topic_0622 | edam:topic_0622 | Whole genomes of one or more organisms, or genomes in general, such as meta-i... | Title: Genomics
| | edam:topic_0623 | edam:topic_0623 | Particular gene(s), gene family or other gene group or system and their encod... | Title: Gene and protein families
| | edam:topic_0625 | edam:topic_0625 | The study of genetic constitution of a living entity, such as an individual, ... | Title: Genotype and phenotype
| | edam:topic_0632 | edam:topic_0632 | Molecular probes (e | Title: Probes and primers
| | edam:topic_0634 | edam:topic_0634 | Diseases, including diseases in general and the genes, gene variations and pr... | Title: Pathology
| | edam:topic_0637 | edam:topic_0637 | Organism classification, identification and naming | Title: Taxonomy
| | edam:topic_0654 | edam:topic_0654 | DNA sequences and structure, including processes such as methylation and repl... | Title: DNA
| | edam:topic_0659 | edam:topic_0659 | Non-coding or functional RNA sequences, including regulatory RNA sequences, r... | Title: Functional, regulatory and non-coding RNA
| | edam:topic_0736 | edam:topic_0736 | Protein tertiary structural domains and folds in a protein or polypeptide cha... | Title: Protein folds and structural domains
| | edam:topic_0749 | edam:topic_0749 | Proteins that bind to DNA and control transcription of DNA to mRNA (transcrip... | Title: Transcription factors and regulatory sites
| | edam:topic_0769 | edam:topic_0769 | Biological or biomedical analytical workflows or pipelines | Title: Workflows
| | edam:topic_0780 | edam:topic_0780 | Plants, e | Title: Plant biology
| | edam:topic_0781 | edam:topic_0781 | Study of viruses, e | Title: Virology
| | edam:topic_0797 | edam:topic_0797 | The study (typically comparison) of the sequence, structure or function of mu... | Title: Comparative genomics
| | edam:topic_0798 | edam:topic_0798 | Mobile genetic elements, such as transposons, Plasmids, Bacteriophage element... | Title: Mobile genetic elements
| | edam:topic_0804 | edam:topic_0804 | The application of information technology to immunology such as immunological... | Title: Immunology
| | edam:topic_0820 | edam:topic_0820 | Lipoproteins (protein-lipid assemblies), and proteins or region of a protein ... | Title: Membrane and lipoproteins
| | edam:topic_0821 | edam:topic_0821 | Proteins that catalyze chemical reaction, the kinetics of enzyme-catalysed re... | Title: Enzymes
| | edam:topic_1317 | edam:topic_1317 | The molecular structure of biological molecules, particularly macromolecules ... | Title: Structural biology
| | edam:topic_1775 | edam:topic_1775 | The study of gene and protein function including the prediction of functional... | Title: Function analysis
| | edam:topic_2229 | edam:topic_2229 | Cells, such as key genes and proteins involved in the cell cycle | Title: Cell biology
| | edam:topic_2258 | edam:topic_2258 | The application of information technology to chemistry in biological research... | Title: Cheminformatics
| | edam:topic_2259 | edam:topic_2259 | The holistic modelling and analysis of complex biological systems and the int... | Title: Systems biology
| | edam:topic_2269 | edam:topic_2269 | The application of statistical methods to biological problems | Title: Statistics and probability
| | edam:topic_2275 | edam:topic_2275 | The construction, analysis, evaluation, refinement etc | Title: Molecular modelling
| | edam:topic_2533 | edam:topic_2533 | DNA mutation | Title: DNA mutation
| | edam:topic_2640 | edam:topic_2640 | The study of cancer, for example, genes and proteins implicated in cancer | Title: Oncology
| | edam:topic_2814 | edam:topic_2814 | Protein secondary or tertiary structural data and/or associated annotation | Title: Protein structure analysis
| | edam:topic_2815 | edam:topic_2815 | The study of human beings in general, including the human genome and proteome | Title: Human biology
| | edam:topic_2828 | edam:topic_2828 | The study of matter and their structure by means of the diffraction of X-rays... | Title: X-ray diffraction
| | edam:topic_2830 | edam:topic_2830 | Immunity-related proteins and their ligands | Title: Immunoproteins and antigens
| | edam:topic_2840 | edam:topic_2840 | Toxins and the adverse effects of these chemical substances on living organis... | Title: Toxicology
| | edam:topic_2885 | edam:topic_2885 | DNA polymorphism | Title: DNA polymorphism
| | edam:topic_3047 | edam:topic_3047 | The molecular basis of biological activity, particularly the macromolecules (... | Title: Molecular biology
| | edam:topic_3050 | edam:topic_3050 | The degree of variation of life forms within a given ecosystem, biome or an e... | Title: Biodiversity
| | edam:topic_3053 | edam:topic_3053 | The study of genes, genetic variation and heredity in living organisms | Title: Genetics
| | edam:topic_3055 | edam:topic_3055 | The genes and genetic mechanisms such as Mendelian inheritance that underly c... | Title: Quantitative genetics
| | edam:topic_3056 | edam:topic_3056 | The distribution of allele frequencies in a population of organisms and its c... | Title: Population genetics
| | edam:topic_3063 | edam:topic_3063 | The application of information technology to health, disease and biomedicine | Title: Medical informatics
| | edam:topic_3064 | edam:topic_3064 | How organisms grow and develop | Title: Developmental biology
| | edam:topic_3065 | edam:topic_3065 | The development of organisms between the one-cell stage (typically the zygote... | Title: Embryology
| | edam:topic_3067 | edam:topic_3067 | The form and function of the structures of living organisms | Title: Anatomy
| | edam:topic_3068 | edam:topic_3068 | The scientific literature, language processing, reference information, and do... | Title: Literature and language
| | edam:topic_3070 | edam:topic_3070 | The study of life and living organisms, including their morphology, biochemis... | Title: Biology
| | edam:topic_3071 | edam:topic_3071 | Data management comprises the practices and principles of taking care of data... | Title: Data management
| | edam:topic_3077 | edam:topic_3077 | The acquisition of data, typically measurements of physical systems using any... | Title: Data acquisition
| | edam:topic_3120 | edam:topic_3120 | Protein sequence variants produced e | Title: Protein variants
| | edam:topic_3125 | edam:topic_3125 | Nucleic acids binding to some other molecule | Title: DNA binding sites
| | edam:topic_3127 | edam:topic_3127 | DNA replication or recombination | Title: DNA replication and recombination
| | edam:topic_3168 | edam:topic_3168 | The determination of complete (typically nucleotide) sequences, including tho... | Title: Sequencing
| | edam:topic_3169 | edam:topic_3169 | The analysis of protein-DNA interactions where chromatin immunoprecipitation ... | Title: ChIP-seq
| | edam:topic_3170 | edam:topic_3170 | A topic concerning high-throughput sequencing of cDNA to measure the RNA cont... | Title: RNA-Seq
| | edam:topic_3172 | edam:topic_3172 | The systematic study of metabolites, the chemical processes they are involved... | Title: Metabolomics
| | edam:topic_3173 | edam:topic_3173 | The study of the epigenetic modifications of a whole cell, tissue, organism e... | Title: Epigenomics
| | edam:topic_3174 | edam:topic_3174 | The study of genetic material recovered from environmental samples, and assoc... | Title: Metagenomics
| | edam:topic_3175 | edam:topic_3175 | Variation in chromosome structure including microscopic and submicroscopic ty... | Title: Structural variation
| | edam:topic_3176 | edam:topic_3176 | DNA-histone complexes (chromatin), organisation of chromatin into nucleosomes... | Title: DNA packaging
| | edam:topic_3179 | edam:topic_3179 | Experimental techniques that combine chromatin immunoprecipitation ('ChIP') w... | Title: ChIP-on-chip
| | edam:topic_3277 | edam:topic_3277 | Biological samples and specimens | Title: Sample collections
| | edam:topic_3292 | edam:topic_3292 | Chemical substances and physico-chemical processes and that occur within livi... | Title: Biochemistry
| | edam:topic_3293 | edam:topic_3293 | The study of evolutionary relationships amongst organisms from analysis of ge... | Title: Phylogenetics
| | edam:topic_3295 | edam:topic_3295 | Topic concerning the study of heritable changes, for example in gene expressi... | Title: Epigenetics
| | edam:topic_3297 | edam:topic_3297 | The exploitation of biological process, structure and function for industrial... | Title: Biotechnology
| | edam:topic_3298 | edam:topic_3298 | Phenomes, or the study of the change in phenotype (the physical and biochemic... | Title: Phenomics
| | edam:topic_3299 | edam:topic_3299 | The evolutionary processes, from the genetic to environmental scale, that pro... | Title: Evolutionary biology
| | edam:topic_3300 | edam:topic_3300 | The functions of living organisms and their constituent parts | Title: Physiology
| | edam:topic_3301 | edam:topic_3301 | The biology of microorganisms | Title: Microbiology
| | edam:topic_3302 | edam:topic_3302 | The biology of parasites | Title: Parasitology
| | edam:topic_3303 | edam:topic_3303 | Research in support of healing by diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of dis... | Title: Medicine
| | edam:topic_3304 | edam:topic_3304 | The study of the nervous system and brain; its anatomy, physiology and functi... | Title: Neurobiology
| | edam:topic_3305 | edam:topic_3305 | Topic concerning the the patterns, cause, and effect of disease within popula... | Title: Public health and epidemiology
| | edam:topic_3306 | edam:topic_3306 | The use of physics to study biological system | Title: Biophysics
| | edam:topic_3307 | edam:topic_3307 | The development and application of theory, analytical methods, mathematical m... | Title: Computational biology
| | edam:topic_3308 | edam:topic_3308 | The analysis of transcriptomes, or a set of all the RNA molecules in a specif... | Title: Transcriptomics
| | edam:topic_3314 | edam:topic_3314 | The composition and properties of matter, reactions, and the use of reactions... | Title: Chemistry
| | edam:topic_3315 | edam:topic_3315 | The study of numbers (quantity) and other topics including structure, space, ... | Title: Mathematics
| | edam:topic_3316 | edam:topic_3316 | The theory and practical use of computer systems | Title: Computer science
| | edam:topic_3318 | edam:topic_3318 | The study of matter, space and time, and related concepts such as energy and ... | Title: Physics
| | edam:topic_3320 | edam:topic_3320 | RNA splicing; post-transcription RNA modification involving the removal of in... | Title: RNA splicing
| | edam:topic_3321 | edam:topic_3321 | The structure and function of genes at a molecular level | Title: Molecular genetics
| | edam:topic_3322 | edam:topic_3322 | The study of respiratory system | Title: Respiratory medicine
| | edam:topic_3324 | edam:topic_3324 | The branch of medicine that deals with the prevention, diagnosis and manageme... | Title: Infectious disease
| | edam:topic_3325 | edam:topic_3325 | The study of rare diseases | Title: Rare diseases
| | edam:topic_3332 | edam:topic_3332 | Topic concerning the development and application of theory, analytical method... | Title: Computational chemistry
| | edam:topic_3334 | edam:topic_3334 | The branch of medicine that deals with the anatomy, functions and disorders o... | Title: Neurology
| | edam:topic_3335 | edam:topic_3335 | The diseases and abnormalities of the heart and circulatory system | Title: Cardiology
| | edam:topic_3336 | edam:topic_3336 | The discovery and design of drugs or potential drug compounds | Title: Drug discovery
| | edam:topic_3337 | edam:topic_3337 | Repositories of biological samples, typically human, for basic biological and... | Title: Biobank
| | edam:topic_3338 | edam:topic_3338 | Laboratory study of mice, for example, phenotyping, and mutagenesis of mouse ... | Title: Mouse clinic
| | edam:topic_3339 | edam:topic_3339 | Collections of microbial cells including bacteria, yeasts and moulds | Title: Microbial collection
| | edam:topic_3340 | edam:topic_3340 | Collections of cells grown under laboratory conditions, specifically, cells f... | Title: Cell culture collection
| | edam:topic_3341 | edam:topic_3341 | Collections of DNA, including both collections of cloned molecules, and popul... | Title: Clone library
| | edam:topic_3342 | edam:topic_3342 | 'translating' the output of basic and biomedical research into better diagnos... | Title: Translational medicine
| | edam:topic_3343 | edam:topic_3343 | Collections of chemicals, typically for use in high-throughput screening expe... | Title: Compound libraries and screening
| | edam:topic_3344 | edam:topic_3344 | Topic concerning biological science that is (typically) performed in the cont... | Title: Biomedical science
| | edam:topic_3345 | edam:topic_3345 | Topic concerning the identity of biological entities, or reports on such enti... | Title: Data identity and mapping
| | edam:topic_3360 | edam:topic_3360 | Objective indicators of biological state often used to assess health, and det... | Title: Biomarkers
| | edam:topic_3365 | edam:topic_3365 | The development of policies, models and standards that cover data acquisition... | Title: Data architecture, analysis and design
| | edam:topic_3366 | edam:topic_3366 | The combination and integration of data from different sources, for example i... | Title: Data integration and warehousing
| | edam:topic_3368 | edam:topic_3368 | Any matter, surface or construct that interacts with a biological system | Title: Biomaterials
| | edam:topic_3369 | edam:topic_3369 | The use of synthetic chemistry to study and manipulate biological systems | Title: Chemical biology
| | edam:topic_3370 | edam:topic_3370 | The study of the separation, identification, and quantification of the chemic... | Title: Analytical chemistry
| | edam:topic_3371 | edam:topic_3371 | The use of chemistry to create new compounds | Title: Synthetic chemistry
| | edam:topic_3372 | edam:topic_3372 | The process that leads from an original formulation of a computing problem to... | Title: Software engineering
| | edam:topic_3373 | edam:topic_3373 | The process of bringing a new drug to market once a lead compounds has been i... | Title: Drug development
| | edam:topic_3374 | edam:topic_3374 | The process of formulating and administering a pharmaceutical compound to ach... | Title: Biotherapeutics
| | edam:topic_3375 | edam:topic_3375 | The study of how a drug interacts with the body | Title: Drug metabolism
| | edam:topic_3376 | edam:topic_3376 | The discovery, development and approval of medicines | Title: Medicines research and development
| | edam:topic_3377 | edam:topic_3377 | The safety (or lack) of drugs and other medical interventions | Title: Safety sciences
| | edam:topic_3378 | edam:topic_3378 | The detection, assessment, understanding and prevention of adverse effects of... | Title: Pharmacovigilance
| | edam:topic_3379 | edam:topic_3379 | The testing of new medicines, vaccines or procedures on animals (preclinical)... | Title: Preclinical and clinical studies
| | edam:topic_3382 | edam:topic_3382 | The visual representation of an object | Title: Imaging
| | edam:topic_3383 | edam:topic_3383 | The use of imaging techniques to understand biology | Title: Bioimaging
| | edam:topic_3384 | edam:topic_3384 | The use of imaging techniques for clinical purposes for medical research | Title: Medical imaging
| | edam:topic_3385 | edam:topic_3385 | The use of optical instruments to magnify the image of an object | Title: Light microscopy
| | edam:topic_3386 | edam:topic_3386 | The use of animals and alternatives in experimental research | Title: Laboratory animal science
| | edam:topic_3387 | edam:topic_3387 | The study of organisms in the ocean or brackish waters | Title: Marine biology
| | edam:topic_3388 | edam:topic_3388 | The identification of molecular and genetic causes of disease and the develop... | Title: Molecular medicine
| | edam:topic_3390 | edam:topic_3390 | The study of the effects of food components on the metabolism, health, perfor... | Title: Nutritional science
| | edam:topic_3391 | edam:topic_3391 | The collective characterisation and quantification of pools of biological mol... | Title: Omics
| | edam:topic_3393 | edam:topic_3393 | The processes that need to be in place to ensure the quality of products for ... | Title: Quality affairs
| | edam:topic_3394 | edam:topic_3394 | The protection of public health by controlling the safety and efficacy of pro... | Title: Regulatory affairs
| | edam:topic_3395 | edam:topic_3395 | Biomedical approaches to clinical interventions that involve the use of stem ... | Title: Regenerative medicine
| | edam:topic_3396 | edam:topic_3396 | An interdisciplinary field of study that looks at the dynamic systems of the ... | Title: Systems medicine
| | edam:topic_3397 | edam:topic_3397 | Topic concerning the branch of medicine that deals with the prevention, diagn... | Title: Veterinary medicine
| | edam:topic_3398 | edam:topic_3398 | The application of biological concepts and methods to the analytical and synt... | Title: Bioengineering
| | edam:topic_3399 | edam:topic_3399 | The branch of medicine dealing with the diagnosis, treatment and prevention o... | Title: Geriatric medicine
| | edam:topic_3400 | edam:topic_3400 | Health issues related to the immune system and their prevention, diagnosis an... | Title: Allergy, clinical immunology and immunotherapeutics
| | edam:topic_3401 | edam:topic_3401 | The prevention of pain and the evaluation, treatment and rehabilitation of pe... | Title: Pain medicine
| | edam:topic_3402 | edam:topic_3402 | Anaesthesia and anaesthetics | Title: Anaesthesiology
| | edam:topic_3403 | edam:topic_3403 | The multidisciplinary that cares for patients with acute, life-threatening il... | Title: Critical care medicine
| | edam:topic_3404 | edam:topic_3404 | The branch of medicine that deals with prevention, diagnosis and treatment of... | Title: Dermatology
| | edam:topic_3405 | edam:topic_3405 | The study, diagnosis, prevention and treatments of disorders of the oral cavi... | Title: Dentistry
| | edam:topic_3406 | edam:topic_3406 | The branch of medicine that deals with the prevention, diagnosis, and treatme... | Title: Ear, nose and throat medicine
| | edam:topic_3407 | edam:topic_3407 | The branch of medicine dealing with diseases of endocrine organs, hormone sys... | Title: Endocrinology and metabolism
| | edam:topic_3408 | edam:topic_3408 | The branch of medicine that deals with the blood, blood-forming organs and bl... | Title: Haematology
| | edam:topic_3409 | edam:topic_3409 | The branch of medicine that deals with disorders of the oesophagus, stomach, ... | Title: Gastroenterology
| | edam:topic_3410 | edam:topic_3410 | The study of the biological and physiological differences between males and f... | Title: Gender medicine
| | edam:topic_3411 | edam:topic_3411 | The branch of medicine that deals with the health of the female reproductive ... | Title: Gynaecology and obstetrics
| | edam:topic_3412 | edam:topic_3412 | The branch of medicine that deals with the liver, gallbladder, bile ducts and... | Title: Hepatic and biliary medicine
| | edam:topic_3414 | edam:topic_3414 | The branch of medicine that treats body wounds or shock produced by sudden ph... | Title: Trauma medicine
| | edam:topic_3415 | edam:topic_3415 | The branch of medicine that deals with the diagnosis, management and preventi... | Title: Medical toxicology
| | edam:topic_3416 | edam:topic_3416 | The branch of medicine that deals with the prevention, diagnosis, and treatme... | Title: Musculoskeletal medicine
| | edam:topic_3417 | edam:topic_3417 | The branch of medicine that deals with disorders of the eye, including eyelid... | Title: Ophthalmology
| | edam:topic_3418 | edam:topic_3418 | The branch of medicine that deals with the medical care of infants, children ... | Title: Paediatrics
| | edam:topic_3419 | edam:topic_3419 | The branch of medicine that deals with the management of mental illness, emot... | Title: Psychiatry
| | edam:topic_3420 | edam:topic_3420 | The health of the reproductive processes, functions and systems at all stages... | Title: Reproductive health
| | edam:topic_3421 | edam:topic_3421 | The use of operative, manual and instrumental techniques on a patient to inve... | Title: Surgery
| | edam:topic_3422 | edam:topic_3422 | The branches of medicine and physiology focussing on the function and disorde... | Title: Urology and nephrology
| | edam:topic_3423 | edam:topic_3423 | Medical therapies that fall beyond the scope of conventional medicine but may... | Title: Complementary medicine
| | edam:topic_3444 | edam:topic_3444 | Techniques that uses magnetic fields and radiowaves to form images, typically... | Title: MRI
| | edam:topic_3448 | edam:topic_3448 | The study of matter by studying the diffraction pattern from firing neutrons ... | Title: Neutron diffraction
| | edam:topic_3452 | edam:topic_3452 | Imaging in sections (sectioning), through the use of a wave-generating device... | Title: Tomography
| | edam:topic_3473 | edam:topic_3473 | The discovery of patterns in large data sets and the extraction and trasnsfor... | Title: Data mining
| | edam:topic_3474 | edam:topic_3474 | A topic concerning the application of artificial intelligence methods to algo... | Title: Machine learning
| | edam:topic_3489 | edam:topic_3489 | The general handling of data stored in digital archives such as databases, da... | Title: Database management
| | edam:topic_3500 | edam:topic_3500 | Animals, e | Title: Zoology
| | edam:topic_3510 | edam:topic_3510 | The biology, archival, detection, prediction and analysis of positional featu... | Title: Protein sites, features and motifs
| | edam:topic_3511 | edam:topic_3511 | The biology, archival, detection, prediction and analysis of positional featu... | Title: Nucleic acid sites, features and motifs
| | edam:topic_3512 | edam:topic_3512 | Transcription of DNA into RNA and features of a messenger RNA (mRNA) molecule... | Title: Gene transcripts
| | edam:topic_3516 | edam:topic_3516 | Genotype experiment including case control, population, and family studies | Title: Genotyping experiment
| | edam:topic_3517 | edam:topic_3517 | Genome-wide association study experiments | Title: GWAS study
| | edam:topic_3518 | edam:topic_3518 | Microarray experiments including conditions, protocol, sample:data relationsh... | Title: Microarray experiment
| | edam:topic_3519 | edam:topic_3519 | PCR experiments, e | Title: PCR experiment
| | edam:topic_3520 | edam:topic_3520 | Proteomics experiments | Title: Proteomics experiment
| | edam:topic_3523 | edam:topic_3523 | Experiment in which the expression of a specific gene is post-transcriptional... | Title: RNAi experiment
| | edam:topic_3524 | edam:topic_3524 | Biological computational model experiments (simulation), for example the mini... | Title: Simulation experiment
| | edam:topic_3534 | edam:topic_3534 | Binding sites in proteins, including cleavage sites (for a proteolytic enzyme... | Title: Protein binding sites
| | edam:topic_3538 | edam:topic_3538 | Disordered structure in a protein | Title: Protein disordered structure
| | edam:topic_3542 | edam:topic_3542 | Secondary structure (predicted or real) of a protein, including super-seconda... | Title: Protein secondary structure
| | edam:topic_3569 | edam:topic_3569 | The application of mathematics to specific problems in science, typically by ... | Title: Applied mathematics
| | edam:topic_3570 | edam:topic_3570 | The study of abstract mathematical concepts | Title: Pure mathematics
| | edam:topic_3571 | edam:topic_3571 | Data governance is the control of data entry and maintenance to ensure the da... | Title: Data governance
| | edam:topic_3572 | edam:topic_3572 | The quality, integrity, and cleaning up of data | Title: Data quality management
| | edam:topic_3573 | edam:topic_3573 | The study of organisms in freshwater ecosystems | Title: Freshwater biology
| | edam:topic_3574 | edam:topic_3574 | The study of inheritance in human beings | Title: Human genetics
| | edam:topic_3575 | edam:topic_3575 | Health problems that are prevalent in tropical and subtropical regions | Title: Tropical medicine
| | edam:topic_3576 | edam:topic_3576 | Biotechnology applied to the medical sciences and the development of medicine... | Title: Medical biotechnology
| | edam:topic_3577 | edam:topic_3577 | An approach to medicine whereby decisions, practices and are tailored to the ... | Title: Personalised medicine
| | edam:topic_3656 | edam:topic_3656 | Experimental techniques to purify a protein-DNA crosslinked complex | Title: Immunoprecipitation experiment
| | edam:topic_3673 | edam:topic_3673 | Laboratory technique to sequence the complete DNA sequence of an organism's g... | Title: Whole genome sequencing
| | edam:topic_3674 | edam:topic_3674 | Laboratory technique to sequence the methylated regions in DNA | Title: Methylated DNA immunoprecipitation
| | edam:topic_3676 | edam:topic_3676 | Laboratory technique to sequence all the protein-coding regions in a genome, ... | Title: Exome sequencing
| | edam:topic_3678 | edam:topic_3678 | The design of an experiment intended to test a hypothesis, and describe or ex... | Title: Experimental design and studies
| | edam:topic_3679 | edam:topic_3679 | The design of an experiment involving non-human animals | Title: Animal study
| | edam:topic_3697 | edam:topic_3697 | The ecology of microorganisms including their relationship with one another a... | Title: Microbial ecology
| | edam:topic_3794 | edam:topic_3794 | An antibody-based technique used to map in vivo RNA-protein interactions | Title: RNA immunoprecipitation
| | edam:topic_3796 | edam:topic_3796 | Large-scale study (typically comparison) of DNA sequences of populations | Title: Population genomics
| | edam:topic_3810 | edam:topic_3810 | Multidisciplinary study, research and development within the field of agricul... | Title: Agricultural science
| | edam:topic_3837 | edam:topic_3837 | Approach which samples, in parallel, all genes in all organisms present in a ... | Title: Metagenomic sequencing
| | edam:topic_3855 | edam:topic_3855 | Study of the environment, the interactions between its physical, chemical, an... | Title: Environmental sciences
| | edam:topic_3892 | edam:topic_3892 | The study and simulation of molecular conformations using a computational mod... | Title: Biomolecular simulation
| | edam:topic_3895 | edam:topic_3895 | The application of multi-disciplinary science and technology for the construc... | Title: Synthetic biology
| | edam:topic_3912 | edam:topic_3912 | The application of biotechnology to directly manipulate an organism's genes | Title: Genetic engineering
| | edam:topic_3922 | edam:topic_3922 | A field of biological research focused on the discovery and identification of... | Title: Proteogenomics
| | edam:topic_3923 | edam:topic_3923 | Laboratory experiment to identify the differences between a specific genome (... | Title: Genome resequencing
| | edam:topic_3930 | edam:topic_3930 | A biomedical field that bridges immunology and genetics, to study the genetic... | Title: Immunogenetics
| | edam:topic_3931 | edam:topic_3931 | Interdisciplinary science focused on extracting information from chemical sys... | Title: Chemometrics
| | edam:topic_3934 | edam:topic_3934 | Cytometry is the measurement of the characteristics of cells | Title: Cytometry
| | edam:topic_3939 | edam:topic_3939 | Biotechnology approach that seeks to optimize cellular genetic and regulatory... | Title: Metabolic engineering
| | edam:topic_3940 | edam:topic_3940 | Molecular biology methods used to analyze the spatial organization of chromat... | Title: Chromosome conformation capture
| | edam:topic_3941 | edam:topic_3941 | The study of microbe gene expression within natural environments (i | Title: Metatranscriptomics
| | edam:topic_3943 | edam:topic_3943 | The reconstruction and analysis of genomic information in extinct species | Title: Paleogenomics
| | edam:topic_3944 | edam:topic_3944 | The biological classification of organisms by categorizing them in groups ("c... | Title: Cladistics
| | edam:topic_3945 | edam:topic_3945 | The study of the process and mechanism of change of biomolecules such as DNA,... | Title: Molecular evolution
| | edam:topic_3948 | edam:topic_3948 | Immunoinformatics is the field of computational biology that deals with the s... | Title: Immunoinformatics
| | edam:topic_3954 | edam:topic_3954 | A diagnostic imaging technique based on the application of ultrasound | Title: Echography
| | edam:topic_3955 | edam:topic_3955 | Experimental approaches to determine the rates of metabolic reactions - the m... | Title: Fluxomics
| | edam:topic_3957 | edam:topic_3957 | An experiment for studying protein-protein interactions | Title: Protein interaction experiment
| | edam:topic_3958 | edam:topic_3958 | A DNA structural variation, specifically a duplication or deletion event, res... | Title: Copy number variation
| | edam:topic_3959 | edam:topic_3959 | The branch of genetics concerned with the relationships between chromosomes a... | Title: Cytogenetics
| | edam:topic_3966 | edam:topic_3966 | The design of vaccines to protect against a particular pathogen, including an... | Title: Vaccinology
| | edam:topic_3967 | edam:topic_3967 | The study of immune system as a whole, its regulation and response to pathoge... | Title: Immunomics
| | edam:topic_3974 | edam:topic_3974 | Epistasis can be defined as the ability of the genotype at one locus to super... | Title: Epistasis
| | edam:topic_4010 | edam:topic_4010 | Open science encompasses the practices of making scientific research transpar... | Title: Open science
| | edam:topic_4011 | edam:topic_4011 | Data rescue denotes digitalisation, formatting, archival, and publication of ... | Title: Data rescue
| | edam:topic_4012 | edam:topic_4012 | FAIR data is scientific data that meets the principles of being findable, acc... | Title: FAIR data
| | edam:topic_4013 | edam:topic_4013 | Microbial mechanisms for protecting microorganisms against antimicrobial agen... | Title: Antimicrobial resistance
| | edam:topic_4014 | edam:topic_4014 | The monitoring method for measuring electrical activity in the brain | Title: Electroencephalography
| | edam:topic_4016 | edam:topic_4016 | The monitoring method for measuring electrical activity in the heart | Title: Electrocardiography
| | edam:topic_4017 | edam:topic_4017 | A method for studying biomolecules and other structures at very low (cryogeni... | Title: Cryogenic electron microscopy
| | edam:topic_4019 | edam:topic_4019 | Biosciences, or life sciences, include fields of study related to life, livin... | Title: Biosciences
| | edam:topic_4020 | edam:topic_4020 | The carbon cycle is the biogeochemical pathway of carbon moving through the d... | Title: Carbon cycle
| | edam:topic_4021 | edam:topic_4021 | Multiomics concerns integration of data from multiple omics (e | Title: Multiomics
| | edam:topic_4027 | edam:topic_4027 | With ribosome profiling, ribosome-protected mRNA fragments are analyzed with ... | Title: Ribosome Profiling
| | edam:topic_4028 | edam:topic_4028 | Combined with NGS (Next Generation Sequencing) technologies, single-cell sequ... | Title: Single-cell sequencing
| | edam:topic_4029 | edam:topic_4029 | The study of mechanical waves in liquids, solids, and gases | Title: Acoustics
| | edam:topic_4030 | edam:topic_4030 | Interdisplinary study of behavior, precise control, and manipulation of low (... | Title: Microfluidics
| | edam:topic_4037 | edam:topic_4037 | Genomic imprinting is a gene regulation mechanism by which a subset of genes ... | Title: Genomic imprinting
| | edam:topic_4038 | edam:topic_4038 | Metabarcoding is the barcoding of (environmental) DNA or RNA to identify mult... | Title: Metabarcoding
| | edam:topic_4044 | edam:topic_4044 | Data protection is a topic concerning data that should be protected from disc... | Title: Data protection
| | edam:topic_4045 | edam:topic_4045 | Cybersecurity is a topic comprising the approaches and technologies that enab... | Title: Cybersecurity
| | edam:topic_4046 | edam:topic_4046 | Version control is a technology for consistent management, storing, and shari... | Title: Version control
| | edam:topic_4047 | edam:topic_4047 | Software management comprises the practices and principles of taking care of ... | Title: Software management
| | edam:topic_4051 | edam:topic_4051 | Chromatin immunoprecipitation-based exeperiment similar to ChIP-seq, with an ... | Title: ChIP-exo
| | edam:topic_4052 | edam:topic_4052 | High-throughput genomic and epigenomic technique that capture chromatin confo... | Title: Hi-C
| | edam:topic_4053 | edam:topic_4053 | Assay for Transposase-Accessible Chromatin with high throughput sequencing | Title: ATAC-seq
| | edam:topic_4054 | edam:topic_4054 | Experiment in which the expression of a given gene is knocked down by means o... | Title: miRNA silencing
| | edam:topic_4055 | edam:topic_4055 | Experiment in which the expression of a given gene is knocked down by means o... | Title: siRNA experiment
| | edam:topic_4056 | edam:topic_4056 | Long-read sequencing is a sequencing method that produces reads thousands to ... | Title: Long-read sequencing
| | edam:topic_4057 | edam:topic_4057 | Short-read sequencing is a high-throughput sequencing method that generates m... | Title: Short-read sequencing
| | edam:topic_4060 | edam:topic_4060 | Metaproteomics is the profiling of proteins in a sample that contains materia... | Title: Metaproteomics
| | edam:topic_4061 | edam:topic_4061 | Bisulfite sequencing is a sequencing technique used to determine DNA methylat... | Title: Bisulfite sequencing
| | edam:topic_4062 | edam:topic_4062 | Bulk RNA barcoding and sequencing (BRB-seq) is a highly mutliplexed bulk RNA-... | Title: Bulk RNA barcoding and sequencing
| | edam:topic_4063 | edam:topic_4063 | DNase sequencing is a technique used to identify regions of open chromatin by... | Title: DNase sequencing
| | edam:topic_4064 | edam:topic_4064 | Specific sequencing of small RNAs using a variant of RNA-seq, with an additio... | Title: MicroRNA sequencing
| | edam:topic_4065 | edam:topic_4065 | Exposomics is the systematic and comprehensive study of the exposome and the ... | Title: Exposomics
| ## Identifier and Mapping Information ### Schema Source * from schema: https://includedcc.org/include-access-model ## LinkML Source
name: EnumDataCategory
description: Categories of data which may be collected about participants.
title: Data Category
from_schema: https://includedcc.org/include-access-model
rank: 1000
permissible_values:
  edam:topic_0077:
    text: edam:topic_0077
    description: The processing and analysis of nucleic acid sequence, structural
      and other data.
    meaning: edam:topic_0077
    title: Nucleic acids
  edam:topic_0078:
    text: edam:topic_0078
    description: Archival, processing and analysis of protein data, typically molecular
      sequence and structural data.
    meaning: edam:topic_0078
    title: Proteins
  edam:topic_0080:
    text: edam:topic_0080
    description: The archival, processing and analysis of molecular sequences (monomer
      composition of polymers) including molecular sequence data resources, sequence
      sites, alignments, motifs and profiles.
    meaning: edam:topic_0080
    title: Sequence analysis
  edam:topic_0081:
    text: edam:topic_0081
    description: The curation, processing, analysis and prediction of data about the
      structure of biological molecules, typically proteins and nucleic acids and
      other macromolecules.
    meaning: edam:topic_0081
    title: Structure analysis
  edam:topic_0082:
    text: edam:topic_0082
    description: The prediction of molecular structure, including the prediction,
      modelling, recognition or design of protein secondary or tertiary structure
      or other structural features, and the folding of nucleic acid molecules and
      the prediction or design of nucleic acid (typically RNA) sequences with specific
      conformations.
    meaning: edam:topic_0082
    title: Structure prediction
  edam:topic_0084:
    text: edam:topic_0084
    description: The study of evolutionary relationships amongst organisms.
    meaning: edam:topic_0084
    title: Phylogeny
  edam:topic_0085:
    text: edam:topic_0085
    description: The study of gene or protein functions and their interactions in
      totality in a given organism, tissue, cell etc.
    meaning: edam:topic_0085
    title: Functional genomics
  edam:topic_0089:
    text: edam:topic_0089
    description: The conceptualisation, categorisation and nomenclature (naming) of
      entities or phenomena within biology or bioinformatics. This includes formal
      ontologies, controlled vocabularies, structured glossary, symbols and terminology
      or other related resource.
    meaning: edam:topic_0089
    title: Ontology and terminology
  edam:topic_0091:
    text: edam:topic_0091
    description: The archival, curation, processing and analysis of complex biological
      data.
    meaning: edam:topic_0091
    title: Bioinformatics
  edam:topic_0092:
    text: edam:topic_0092
    description: Rendering (drawing on a computer screen) or visualisation of molecular
      sequences, structures or other biomolecular data.
    meaning: edam:topic_0092
    title: Data visualisation
  edam:topic_0097:
    text: edam:topic_0097
    description: The archival, curation, processing and analysis of nucleic acid structural
      information, such as whole structures, structural features and alignments, and
      associated annotation.
    meaning: edam:topic_0097
    title: Nucleic acid structure analysis
  edam:topic_0099:
    text: edam:topic_0099
    description: RNA sequences and structures.
    meaning: edam:topic_0099
    title: RNA
  edam:topic_0102:
    text: edam:topic_0102
    description: The mapping of complete (typically nucleotide) sequences. Mapping
      (in the sense of short read alignment, or more generally, just alignment) has
      application in RNA-Seq analysis (mapping of transcriptomics reads), variant
      discovery (e.g. mapping of exome capture), and re-sequencing (mapping of WGS
      reads).
    meaning: edam:topic_0102
    title: Mapping
  edam:topic_0108:
    text: edam:topic_0108
    description: The translation of mRNA into protein and subsequent protein processing
      in the cell.
    meaning: edam:topic_0108
    title: Protein expression
  edam:topic_0114:
    text: edam:topic_0114
    description: Gene structure, regions which make an RNA product and features such
      as promoters, coding regions, gene fusion, splice sites etc.
    meaning: edam:topic_0114
    title: Gene structure
  edam:topic_0121:
    text: edam:topic_0121
    description: Proteomics is in the narrow sense (sensu stricto) the application
      of methods to separate, characterise, identify, and quantify all proteins (the
      proteome) - or a substantial set of proteins - that are present in a sample.
      Proteomics in the broad sense is the science of proteins and peptides on the
      large scale.
    meaning: edam:topic_0121
    title: Proteomics
  edam:topic_0122:
    text: edam:topic_0122
    description: The elucidation of the three dimensional structure for all (available)
      proteins in a given organism.
    meaning: edam:topic_0122
    title: Structural genomics
  edam:topic_0123:
    text: edam:topic_0123
    description: The study of the physical and biochemical properties of peptides
      and proteins, for example the hydrophobic, hydrophilic and charge properties
      of a protein.
    meaning: edam:topic_0123
    title: Protein properties
  edam:topic_0128:
    text: edam:topic_0128
    description: Protein-protein, protein-DNA/RNA and protein-ligand interactions,
      including analysis of known interactions and prediction of putative interactions.
    meaning: edam:topic_0128
    title: Protein interactions
  edam:topic_0130:
    text: edam:topic_0130
    description: Protein stability, folding (in 3D space) and protein sequence-structure-function
      relationships. This includes for example study of inter-atomic or inter-residue
      interactions in protein (3D) structures, the effect of mutation, and the design
      of proteins with specific properties, typically by designing changes (via site-directed
      mutagenesis) to an existing protein.
    meaning: edam:topic_0130
    title: Protein folding, stability and design
  edam:topic_0140:
    text: edam:topic_0140
    description: The study of how proteins are transported within and without the
      cell, including signal peptides, protein subcellular localisation and export.
    meaning: edam:topic_0140
    title: Protein targeting and localisation
  edam:topic_0152:
    text: edam:topic_0152
    description: Carbohydrates, typically including structural information.
    meaning: edam:topic_0152
    title: Carbohydrates
  edam:topic_0153:
    text: edam:topic_0153
    description: Lipids and their structures.
    meaning: edam:topic_0153
    title: Lipidomics
  edam:topic_0154:
    text: edam:topic_0154
    description: Small molecules of biological significance, typically archival, curation,
      processing and analysis of structural information.
    meaning: edam:topic_0154
    title: Small molecules
  edam:topic_0157:
    text: edam:topic_0157
    description: The archival, processing and analysis of the basic character composition
      of molecular sequences, for example character or word frequency, ambiguity,
      complexity, particularly regions of low complexity, and repeats or the repetitive
      nature of molecular sequences.
    meaning: edam:topic_0157
    title: Sequence composition, complexity and repeats
  edam:topic_0160:
    text: edam:topic_0160
    description: The archival, detection, prediction and analysis of positional features
      such as functional and other key sites, in molecular sequences and the conserved
      patterns (motifs, profiles etc.) that may be used to describe them.
    meaning: edam:topic_0160
    title: Sequence sites, features and motifs
  edam:topic_0166:
    text: edam:topic_0166
    description: Structural features or common 3D motifs within protein structures,
      including the surface of a protein structure, such as biological interfaces
      with other molecules.
    meaning: edam:topic_0166
    title: Protein structural motifs and surfaces
  edam:topic_0176:
    text: edam:topic_0176
    description: The study and simulation of molecular (typically protein) conformation
      using a computational model of physical forces and computer simulation.
    meaning: edam:topic_0176
    title: Molecular dynamics
  edam:topic_0194:
    text: edam:topic_0194
    description: The integrated study of evolutionary relationships and whole genome
      data, for example, in the analysis of species trees, horizontal gene transfer
      and evolutionary reconstruction.
    meaning: edam:topic_0194
    title: Phylogenomics
  edam:topic_0196:
    text: edam:topic_0196
    description: The assembly of fragments of a DNA sequence to reconstruct the original
      sequence.
    meaning: edam:topic_0196
    title: Sequence assembly
  edam:topic_0199:
    text: edam:topic_0199
    description: Stable, naturally occurring mutations in a nucleotide sequence including
      alleles, naturally occurring mutations such as single base nucleotide substitutions,
      deletions and insertions, RFLPs and other polymorphisms.
    meaning: edam:topic_0199
    title: Genetic variation
  edam:topic_0202:
    text: edam:topic_0202
    description: The study of drugs and their effects or responses in living systems.
    meaning: edam:topic_0202
    title: Pharmacology
  edam:topic_0203:
    text: edam:topic_0203
    description: The analysis of levels and patterns of synthesis of gene products
      (proteins and functional RNA) including interpretation in functional terms of
      gene expression data.
    meaning: edam:topic_0203
    title: Gene expression
  edam:topic_0204:
    text: edam:topic_0204
    description: The regulation of gene expression.
    meaning: edam:topic_0204
    title: Gene regulation
  edam:topic_0208:
    text: edam:topic_0208
    description: The influence of genotype on drug response, for example by correlating
      gene expression or single-nucleotide polymorphisms with drug efficacy or toxicity.
    meaning: edam:topic_0208
    title: Pharmacogenomics
  edam:topic_0209:
    text: edam:topic_0209
    description: The design and chemical synthesis of bioactive molecules, for example
      drugs or potential drug compounds, for medicinal purposes.
    meaning: edam:topic_0209
    title: Medicinal chemistry
  edam:topic_0218:
    text: edam:topic_0218
    description: The processing and analysis of natural language, such as scientific
      literature in English, in order to extract data and information, or to enable
      human-computer interaction.
    meaning: edam:topic_0218
    title: Natural language processing
  edam:topic_0219:
    text: edam:topic_0219
    description: Data curation and archival includes the preservation of data in a
      repository, archive, or a deposition database; and curation of data and metadata,
      database accessions, annotation, and data provenance.
    meaning: edam:topic_0219
    title: Data curation and archival
  edam:topic_0593:
    text: edam:topic_0593
    description: An analytical technique that exploits the magenetic properties of
      certain atomic nuclei to provide information on the structure, dynamics, reaction
      state and chemical environment of molecules.
    meaning: edam:topic_0593
    title: NMR
  edam:topic_0601:
    text: edam:topic_0601
    description: Protein chemical modifications, e.g. post-translational modifications.
    meaning: edam:topic_0601
    title: Protein modifications
  edam:topic_0602:
    text: edam:topic_0602
    description: Molecular interactions, biological pathways, networks and other models.
    meaning: edam:topic_0602
    title: Molecular interactions, pathways and networks
  edam:topic_0605:
    text: edam:topic_0605
    description: The study and practice of information processing and use of computer
      information systems.
    meaning: edam:topic_0605
    title: Informatics
  edam:topic_0607:
    text: edam:topic_0607
    description: Laboratory management and resources, for example, catalogues of biological
      resources for use in the lab including cell lines, viruses, plasmids, phages,
      DNA probes and primers and so on.
    meaning: edam:topic_0607
    title: Laboratory information management
  edam:topic_0610:
    text: edam:topic_0610
    description: The ecological and environmental sciences and especially the application
      of information technology (ecoinformatics).
    meaning: edam:topic_0610
    title: Ecology
  edam:topic_0611:
    text: edam:topic_0611
    description: The study of matter by studying the interference pattern from firing
      electrons at a sample, to analyse structures at resolutions higher than can
      be achieved using light.
    meaning: edam:topic_0611
    title: Electron microscopy
  edam:topic_0621:
    text: edam:topic_0621
    description: A specific organism, or group of organisms, used to study a particular
      aspect of biology.
    meaning: edam:topic_0621
    title: Model organisms
  edam:topic_0622:
    text: edam:topic_0622
    description: Whole genomes of one or more organisms, or genomes in general, such
      as meta-information on genomes, genome projects, gene names etc.
    meaning: edam:topic_0622
    title: Genomics
  edam:topic_0623:
    text: edam:topic_0623
    description: Particular gene(s), gene family or other gene group or system and
      their encoded proteins.Primarily the classification of proteins (from sequence
      or structural data) into clusters, groups, families etc., curation of a particular
      protein or protein family, or any other proteins that have been classified as
      members of a common group.
    meaning: edam:topic_0623
    title: Gene and protein families
  edam:topic_0625:
    text: edam:topic_0625
    description: The study of genetic constitution of a living entity, such as an
      individual, and organism, a cell and so on, typically with respect to a particular
      observable phenotypic traits, or resources concerning such traits, which might
      be an aspect of biochemistry, physiology, morphology, anatomy, development and
      so on.
    meaning: edam:topic_0625
    title: Genotype and phenotype
  edam:topic_0632:
    text: edam:topic_0632
    description: Molecular probes (e.g. a peptide probe or DNA microarray probe) or
      PCR primers and hybridisation oligos in a nucleic acid sequence.
    meaning: edam:topic_0632
    title: Probes and primers
  edam:topic_0634:
    text: edam:topic_0634
    description: Diseases, including diseases in general and the genes, gene variations
      and proteins involved in one or more specific diseases.
    meaning: edam:topic_0634
    title: Pathology
  edam:topic_0637:
    text: edam:topic_0637
    description: Organism classification, identification and naming.
    meaning: edam:topic_0637
    title: Taxonomy
  edam:topic_0654:
    text: edam:topic_0654
    description: DNA sequences and structure, including processes such as methylation
      and replication.
    meaning: edam:topic_0654
    title: DNA
  edam:topic_0659:
    text: edam:topic_0659
    description: Non-coding or functional RNA sequences, including regulatory RNA
      sequences, ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and transfer RNA (tRNA).
    meaning: edam:topic_0659
    title: Functional, regulatory and non-coding RNA
  edam:topic_0736:
    text: edam:topic_0736
    description: Protein tertiary structural domains and folds in a protein or polypeptide
      chain.
    meaning: edam:topic_0736
    title: Protein folds and structural domains
  edam:topic_0749:
    text: edam:topic_0749
    description: Proteins that bind to DNA and control transcription of DNA to mRNA
      (transcription factors) and also transcriptional regulatory sites, elements
      and regions (such as promoters, enhancers, silencers and boundary elements /
      insulators) in nucleotide sequences.
    meaning: edam:topic_0749
    title: Transcription factors and regulatory sites
  edam:topic_0769:
    text: edam:topic_0769
    description: Biological or biomedical analytical workflows or pipelines.
    meaning: edam:topic_0769
    title: Workflows
  edam:topic_0780:
    text: edam:topic_0780
    description: Plants, e.g. information on a specific plant genome including molecular
      sequences, genes and annotation.
    meaning: edam:topic_0780
    title: Plant biology
  edam:topic_0781:
    text: edam:topic_0781
    description: Study of viruses, e.g. sequence and structural data, interactions
      of viral proteins, or a viral genome including molecular sequences, genes and
      annotation.
    meaning: edam:topic_0781
    title: Virology
  edam:topic_0797:
    text: edam:topic_0797
    description: The study (typically comparison) of the sequence, structure or function
      of multiple genomes.
    meaning: edam:topic_0797
    title: Comparative genomics
  edam:topic_0798:
    text: edam:topic_0798
    description: Mobile genetic elements, such as transposons, Plasmids, Bacteriophage
      elements and Group II introns.
    meaning: edam:topic_0798
    title: Mobile genetic elements
  edam:topic_0804:
    text: edam:topic_0804
    description: The application of information technology to immunology such as immunological
      processes, immunological genes, proteins and peptide ligands, antigens and so
      on.
    meaning: edam:topic_0804
    title: Immunology
  edam:topic_0820:
    text: edam:topic_0820
    description: Lipoproteins (protein-lipid assemblies), and proteins or region of
      a protein that spans or are associated with a membrane.
    meaning: edam:topic_0820
    title: Membrane and lipoproteins
  edam:topic_0821:
    text: edam:topic_0821
    description: Proteins that catalyze chemical reaction, the kinetics of enzyme-catalysed
      reactions, enzyme nomenclature etc.
    meaning: edam:topic_0821
    title: Enzymes
  edam:topic_1317:
    text: edam:topic_1317
    description: The molecular structure of biological molecules, particularly macromolecules
      such as proteins and nucleic acids.
    meaning: edam:topic_1317
    title: Structural biology
  edam:topic_1775:
    text: edam:topic_1775
    description: The study of gene and protein function including the prediction of
      functional properties of a protein.
    meaning: edam:topic_1775
    title: Function analysis
  edam:topic_2229:
    text: edam:topic_2229
    description: Cells, such as key genes and proteins involved in the cell cycle.
    meaning: edam:topic_2229
    title: Cell biology
  edam:topic_2258:
    text: edam:topic_2258
    description: The application of information technology to chemistry in biological
      research environment.
    meaning: edam:topic_2258
    title: Cheminformatics
  edam:topic_2259:
    text: edam:topic_2259
    description: The holistic modelling and analysis of complex biological systems
      and the interactions therein.
    meaning: edam:topic_2259
    title: Systems biology
  edam:topic_2269:
    text: edam:topic_2269
    description: The application of statistical methods to biological problems.
    meaning: edam:topic_2269
    title: Statistics and probability
  edam:topic_2275:
    text: edam:topic_2275
    description: The construction, analysis, evaluation, refinement etc. of models
      of a molecules properties or behaviour, including the modelling the structure
      of proteins in complex with small molecules or other macromolecules (docking).
    meaning: edam:topic_2275
    title: Molecular modelling
  edam:topic_2533:
    text: edam:topic_2533
    description: DNA mutation.
    meaning: edam:topic_2533
    title: DNA mutation
  edam:topic_2640:
    text: edam:topic_2640
    description: The study of cancer, for example, genes and proteins implicated in
      cancer.
    meaning: edam:topic_2640
    title: Oncology
  edam:topic_2814:
    text: edam:topic_2814
    description: Protein secondary or tertiary structural data and/or associated annotation.
    meaning: edam:topic_2814
    title: Protein structure analysis
  edam:topic_2815:
    text: edam:topic_2815
    description: The study of human beings in general, including the human genome
      and proteome.
    meaning: edam:topic_2815
    title: Human biology
  edam:topic_2828:
    text: edam:topic_2828
    description: The study of matter and their structure by means of the diffraction
      of X-rays, typically the diffraction pattern caused by the regularly spaced
      atoms of a crystalline sample.
    meaning: edam:topic_2828
    title: X-ray diffraction
  edam:topic_2830:
    text: edam:topic_2830
    description: Immunity-related proteins and their ligands.
    meaning: edam:topic_2830
    title: Immunoproteins and antigens
  edam:topic_2840:
    text: edam:topic_2840
    description: Toxins and the adverse effects of these chemical substances on living
      organisms.
    meaning: edam:topic_2840
    title: Toxicology
  edam:topic_2885:
    text: edam:topic_2885
    description: DNA polymorphism.
    meaning: edam:topic_2885
    title: DNA polymorphism
  edam:topic_3047:
    text: edam:topic_3047
    description: The molecular basis of biological activity, particularly the macromolecules
      (e.g. proteins and nucleic acids) that are essential to life.
    meaning: edam:topic_3047
    title: Molecular biology
  edam:topic_3050:
    text: edam:topic_3050
    description: The degree of variation of life forms within a given ecosystem, biome
      or an entire planet.
    meaning: edam:topic_3050
    title: Biodiversity
  edam:topic_3053:
    text: edam:topic_3053
    description: The study of genes, genetic variation and heredity in living organisms.
    meaning: edam:topic_3053
    title: Genetics
  edam:topic_3055:
    text: edam:topic_3055
    description: The genes and genetic mechanisms such as Mendelian inheritance that
      underly continuous phenotypic traits (such as height or weight).
    meaning: edam:topic_3055
    title: Quantitative genetics
  edam:topic_3056:
    text: edam:topic_3056
    description: The distribution of allele frequencies in a population of organisms
      and its change subject to evolutionary processes including natural selection,
      genetic drift, mutation and gene flow.
    meaning: edam:topic_3056
    title: Population genetics
  edam:topic_3063:
    text: edam:topic_3063
    description: The application of information technology to health, disease and
      biomedicine.
    meaning: edam:topic_3063
    title: Medical informatics
  edam:topic_3064:
    text: edam:topic_3064
    description: How organisms grow and develop.
    meaning: edam:topic_3064
    title: Developmental biology
  edam:topic_3065:
    text: edam:topic_3065
    description: The development of organisms between the one-cell stage (typically
      the zygote) and the end of the embryonic stage.
    meaning: edam:topic_3065
    title: Embryology
  edam:topic_3067:
    text: edam:topic_3067
    description: The form and function of the structures of living organisms.
    meaning: edam:topic_3067
    title: Anatomy
  edam:topic_3068:
    text: edam:topic_3068
    description: The scientific literature, language processing, reference information,
      and documentation.
    meaning: edam:topic_3068
    title: Literature and language
  edam:topic_3070:
    text: edam:topic_3070
    description: The study of life and living organisms, including their morphology,
      biochemistry, physiology, development, evolution, and so on.
    meaning: edam:topic_3070
    title: Biology
  edam:topic_3071:
    text: edam:topic_3071
    description: Data management comprises the practices and principles of taking
      care of data, other than analysing them. This includes for example taking care
      of the associated metadata, data formats, storage, preservation/archiving, access,
      and legal aspects related to using and sharing data.
    meaning: edam:topic_3071
    title: Data management
  edam:topic_3077:
    text: edam:topic_3077
    description: The acquisition of data, typically measurements of physical systems
      using any type of sampling system, or by another other means.
    meaning: edam:topic_3077
    title: Data acquisition
  edam:topic_3120:
    text: edam:topic_3120
    description: Protein sequence variants produced e.g. from alternative splicing,
      alternative promoter usage, alternative initiation and ribosomal frameshifting.
    meaning: edam:topic_3120
    title: Protein variants
  edam:topic_3125:
    text: edam:topic_3125
    description: Nucleic acids binding to some other molecule.
    meaning: edam:topic_3125
    title: DNA binding sites
  edam:topic_3127:
    text: edam:topic_3127
    description: DNA replication or recombination.
    meaning: edam:topic_3127
    title: DNA replication and recombination
  edam:topic_3168:
    text: edam:topic_3168
    description: The determination of complete (typically nucleotide) sequences, including
      those of genomes (full genome sequencing, de novo sequencing and resequencing),
      amplicons and transcriptomes.
    meaning: edam:topic_3168
    title: Sequencing
  edam:topic_3169:
    text: edam:topic_3169
    description: The analysis of protein-DNA interactions where chromatin immunoprecipitation
      (ChIP) is used in combination with massively parallel DNA sequencing to identify
      the binding sites of DNA-associated proteins.
    meaning: edam:topic_3169
    title: ChIP-seq
  edam:topic_3170:
    text: edam:topic_3170
    description: A topic concerning high-throughput sequencing of cDNA to measure
      the RNA content (transcriptome) of a sample, for example, to investigate how
      different alleles of a gene are expressed, detect post-transcriptional mutations
      or identify gene fusions.
    meaning: edam:topic_3170
    title: RNA-Seq
  edam:topic_3172:
    text: edam:topic_3172
    description: The systematic study of metabolites, the chemical processes they
      are involved, and the chemical fingerprints of specific cellular processes in
      a whole cell, tissue, organ or organism.
    meaning: edam:topic_3172
    title: Metabolomics
  edam:topic_3173:
    text: edam:topic_3173
    description: The study of the epigenetic modifications of a whole cell, tissue,
      organism etc.
    meaning: edam:topic_3173
    title: Epigenomics
  edam:topic_3174:
    text: edam:topic_3174
    description: The study of genetic material recovered from environmental samples,
      and associated environmental data.
    meaning: edam:topic_3174
    title: Metagenomics
  edam:topic_3175:
    text: edam:topic_3175
    description: Variation in chromosome structure including microscopic and submicroscopic
      types of variation such as deletions, duplications, copy-number variants, insertions,
      inversions and translocations.
    meaning: edam:topic_3175
    title: Structural variation
  edam:topic_3176:
    text: edam:topic_3176
    description: DNA-histone complexes (chromatin), organisation of chromatin into
      nucleosomes and packaging into higher-order structures.
    meaning: edam:topic_3176
    title: DNA packaging
  edam:topic_3179:
    text: edam:topic_3179
    description: Experimental techniques that combine chromatin immunoprecipitation
      ('ChIP') with microarray ('chip'). ChIP-on-chip is used for high-throughput
      study protein-DNA interactions.
    meaning: edam:topic_3179
    title: ChIP-on-chip
  edam:topic_3277:
    text: edam:topic_3277
    description: Biological samples and specimens.
    meaning: edam:topic_3277
    title: Sample collections
  edam:topic_3292:
    text: edam:topic_3292
    description: Chemical substances and physico-chemical processes and that occur
      within living organisms.
    meaning: edam:topic_3292
    title: Biochemistry
  edam:topic_3293:
    text: edam:topic_3293
    description: The study of evolutionary relationships amongst organisms from analysis
      of genetic information (typically gene or protein sequences).
    meaning: edam:topic_3293
    title: Phylogenetics
  edam:topic_3295:
    text: edam:topic_3295
    description: Topic concerning the study of heritable changes, for example in gene
      expression or phenotype, caused by mechanisms other than changes in the DNA
      sequence.
    meaning: edam:topic_3295
    title: Epigenetics
  edam:topic_3297:
    text: edam:topic_3297
    description: The exploitation of biological process, structure and function for
      industrial purposes, for example the genetic manipulation of microorganisms
      for the antibody production.
    meaning: edam:topic_3297
    title: Biotechnology
  edam:topic_3298:
    text: edam:topic_3298
    description: Phenomes, or the study of the change in phenotype (the physical and
      biochemical traits of organisms) in response to genetic and environmental factors.
    meaning: edam:topic_3298
    title: Phenomics
  edam:topic_3299:
    text: edam:topic_3299
    description: The evolutionary processes, from the genetic to environmental scale,
      that produced life in all its diversity.
    meaning: edam:topic_3299
    title: Evolutionary biology
  edam:topic_3300:
    text: edam:topic_3300
    description: The functions of living organisms and their constituent parts.
    meaning: edam:topic_3300
    title: Physiology
  edam:topic_3301:
    text: edam:topic_3301
    description: The biology of microorganisms.
    meaning: edam:topic_3301
    title: Microbiology
  edam:topic_3302:
    text: edam:topic_3302
    description: The biology of parasites.
    meaning: edam:topic_3302
    title: Parasitology
  edam:topic_3303:
    text: edam:topic_3303
    description: Research in support of healing by diagnosis, treatment, and prevention
      of disease.
    meaning: edam:topic_3303
    title: Medicine
  edam:topic_3304:
    text: edam:topic_3304
    description: The study of the nervous system and brain; its anatomy, physiology
      and function.
    meaning: edam:topic_3304
    title: Neurobiology
  edam:topic_3305:
    text: edam:topic_3305
    description: Topic concerning the the patterns, cause, and effect of disease within
      populations.
    meaning: edam:topic_3305
    title: Public health and epidemiology
  edam:topic_3306:
    text: edam:topic_3306
    description: The use of physics to study biological system.
    meaning: edam:topic_3306
    title: Biophysics
  edam:topic_3307:
    text: edam:topic_3307
    description: The development and application of theory, analytical methods, mathematical
      models and computational simulation of biological systems.
    meaning: edam:topic_3307
    title: Computational biology
  edam:topic_3308:
    text: edam:topic_3308
    description: The analysis of transcriptomes, or a set of all the RNA molecules
      in a specific cell, tissue etc.
    meaning: edam:topic_3308
    title: Transcriptomics
  edam:topic_3314:
    text: edam:topic_3314
    description: The composition and properties of matter, reactions, and the use
      of reactions to create new substances.
    meaning: edam:topic_3314
    title: Chemistry
  edam:topic_3315:
    text: edam:topic_3315
    description: The study of numbers (quantity) and other topics including structure,
      space, and change.
    meaning: edam:topic_3315
    title: Mathematics
  edam:topic_3316:
    text: edam:topic_3316
    description: The theory and practical use of computer systems.
    meaning: edam:topic_3316
    title: Computer science
  edam:topic_3318:
    text: edam:topic_3318
    description: The study of matter, space and time, and related concepts such as
      energy and force.
    meaning: edam:topic_3318
    title: Physics
  edam:topic_3320:
    text: edam:topic_3320
    description: RNA splicing; post-transcription RNA modification involving the removal
      of introns and joining of exons.
    meaning: edam:topic_3320
    title: RNA splicing
  edam:topic_3321:
    text: edam:topic_3321
    description: The structure and function of genes at a molecular level.
    meaning: edam:topic_3321
    title: Molecular genetics
  edam:topic_3322:
    text: edam:topic_3322
    description: The study of respiratory system.
    meaning: edam:topic_3322
    title: Respiratory medicine
  edam:topic_3324:
    text: edam:topic_3324
    description: The branch of medicine that deals with the prevention, diagnosis
      and management of transmissible disease with clinically evident illness resulting
      from infection with pathogenic biological agents (viruses, bacteria, fungi,
      protozoa, parasites and prions).
    meaning: edam:topic_3324
    title: Infectious disease
  edam:topic_3325:
    text: edam:topic_3325
    description: The study of rare diseases.
    meaning: edam:topic_3325
    title: Rare diseases
  edam:topic_3332:
    text: edam:topic_3332
    description: Topic concerning the development and application of theory, analytical
      methods, mathematical models and computational simulation of chemical systems.
    meaning: edam:topic_3332
    title: Computational chemistry
  edam:topic_3334:
    text: edam:topic_3334
    description: The branch of medicine that deals with the anatomy, functions and
      disorders of the nervous system.
    meaning: edam:topic_3334
    title: Neurology
  edam:topic_3335:
    text: edam:topic_3335
    description: The diseases and abnormalities of the heart and circulatory system.
    meaning: edam:topic_3335
    title: Cardiology
  edam:topic_3336:
    text: edam:topic_3336
    description: The discovery and design of drugs or potential drug compounds.
    meaning: edam:topic_3336
    title: Drug discovery
  edam:topic_3337:
    text: edam:topic_3337
    description: Repositories of biological samples, typically human, for basic biological
      and clinical research.
    meaning: edam:topic_3337
    title: Biobank
  edam:topic_3338:
    text: edam:topic_3338
    description: Laboratory study of mice, for example, phenotyping, and mutagenesis
      of mouse cell lines.
    meaning: edam:topic_3338
    title: Mouse clinic
  edam:topic_3339:
    text: edam:topic_3339
    description: Collections of microbial cells including bacteria, yeasts and moulds.
    meaning: edam:topic_3339
    title: Microbial collection
  edam:topic_3340:
    text: edam:topic_3340
    description: Collections of cells grown under laboratory conditions, specifically,
      cells from multi-cellular eukaryotes and especially animal cells.
    meaning: edam:topic_3340
    title: Cell culture collection
  edam:topic_3341:
    text: edam:topic_3341
    description: Collections of DNA, including both collections of cloned molecules,
      and populations of micro-organisms that store and propagate cloned DNA.
    meaning: edam:topic_3341
    title: Clone library
  edam:topic_3342:
    text: edam:topic_3342
    description: '''translating'' the output of basic and biomedical research into
      better diagnostic tools, medicines, medical procedures, policies and advice.'
    meaning: edam:topic_3342
    title: Translational medicine
  edam:topic_3343:
    text: edam:topic_3343
    description: Collections of chemicals, typically for use in high-throughput screening
      experiments.
    meaning: edam:topic_3343
    title: Compound libraries and screening
  edam:topic_3344:
    text: edam:topic_3344
    description: Topic concerning biological science that is (typically) performed
      in the context of medicine.
    meaning: edam:topic_3344
    title: Biomedical science
  edam:topic_3345:
    text: edam:topic_3345
    description: Topic concerning the identity of biological entities, or reports
      on such entities, and the mapping of entities and records in different databases.
    meaning: edam:topic_3345
    title: Data identity and mapping
  edam:topic_3360:
    text: edam:topic_3360
    description: Objective indicators of biological state often used to assess health,
      and determinate treatment.
    meaning: edam:topic_3360
    title: Biomarkers
  edam:topic_3365:
    text: edam:topic_3365
    description: The development of policies, models and standards that cover data
      acquisition, storage and integration, such that it can be put to use, typically
      through a process of systematically applying statistical and / or logical techniques
      to describe, illustrate, summarise or evaluate data.
    meaning: edam:topic_3365
    title: Data architecture, analysis and design
  edam:topic_3366:
    text: edam:topic_3366
    description: The combination and integration of data from different sources, for
      example into a central repository or warehouse, to provide users with a unified
      view of these data.
    meaning: edam:topic_3366
    title: Data integration and warehousing
  edam:topic_3368:
    text: edam:topic_3368
    description: Any matter, surface or construct that interacts with a biological
      system.
    meaning: edam:topic_3368
    title: Biomaterials
  edam:topic_3369:
    text: edam:topic_3369
    description: The use of synthetic chemistry to study and manipulate biological
      systems.
    meaning: edam:topic_3369
    title: Chemical biology
  edam:topic_3370:
    text: edam:topic_3370
    description: The study of the separation, identification, and quantification of
      the chemical components of natural and artificial materials.
    meaning: edam:topic_3370
    title: Analytical chemistry
  edam:topic_3371:
    text: edam:topic_3371
    description: The use of chemistry to create new compounds.
    meaning: edam:topic_3371
    title: Synthetic chemistry
  edam:topic_3372:
    text: edam:topic_3372
    description: The process that leads from an original formulation of a computing
      problem to executable programs.
    meaning: edam:topic_3372
    title: Software engineering
  edam:topic_3373:
    text: edam:topic_3373
    description: The process of bringing a new drug to market once a lead compounds
      has been identified through drug discovery.
    meaning: edam:topic_3373
    title: Drug development
  edam:topic_3374:
    text: edam:topic_3374
    description: The process of formulating and administering a pharmaceutical compound
      to achieve a therapeutic effect.
    meaning: edam:topic_3374
    title: Biotherapeutics
  edam:topic_3375:
    text: edam:topic_3375
    description: The study of how a drug interacts with the body.
    meaning: edam:topic_3375
    title: Drug metabolism
  edam:topic_3376:
    text: edam:topic_3376
    description: The discovery, development and approval of medicines.
    meaning: edam:topic_3376
    title: Medicines research and development
  edam:topic_3377:
    text: edam:topic_3377
    description: The safety (or lack) of drugs and other medical interventions.
    meaning: edam:topic_3377
    title: Safety sciences
  edam:topic_3378:
    text: edam:topic_3378
    description: The detection, assessment, understanding and prevention of adverse
      effects of medicines.
    meaning: edam:topic_3378
    title: Pharmacovigilance
  edam:topic_3379:
    text: edam:topic_3379
    description: The testing of new medicines, vaccines or procedures on animals (preclinical)
      and humans (clinical) prior to their approval by regulatory authorities.
    meaning: edam:topic_3379
    title: Preclinical and clinical studies
  edam:topic_3382:
    text: edam:topic_3382
    description: The visual representation of an object.
    meaning: edam:topic_3382
    title: Imaging
  edam:topic_3383:
    text: edam:topic_3383
    description: The use of imaging techniques to understand biology.
    meaning: edam:topic_3383
    title: Bioimaging
  edam:topic_3384:
    text: edam:topic_3384
    description: The use of imaging techniques for clinical purposes for medical research.
    meaning: edam:topic_3384
    title: Medical imaging
  edam:topic_3385:
    text: edam:topic_3385
    description: The use of optical instruments to magnify the image of an object.
    meaning: edam:topic_3385
    title: Light microscopy
  edam:topic_3386:
    text: edam:topic_3386
    description: The use of animals and alternatives in experimental research.
    meaning: edam:topic_3386
    title: Laboratory animal science
  edam:topic_3387:
    text: edam:topic_3387
    description: The study of organisms in the ocean or brackish waters.
    meaning: edam:topic_3387
    title: Marine biology
  edam:topic_3388:
    text: edam:topic_3388
    description: The identification of molecular and genetic causes of disease and
      the development of interventions to correct them.
    meaning: edam:topic_3388
    title: Molecular medicine
  edam:topic_3390:
    text: edam:topic_3390
    description: The study of the effects of food components on the metabolism, health,
      performance and disease resistance of humans and animals. It also includes the
      study of human behaviours related to food choices.
    meaning: edam:topic_3390
    title: Nutritional science
  edam:topic_3391:
    text: edam:topic_3391
    description: The collective characterisation and quantification of pools of biological
      molecules that translate into the structure, function, and dynamics of an organism
      or organisms.
    meaning: edam:topic_3391
    title: Omics
  edam:topic_3393:
    text: edam:topic_3393
    description: The processes that need to be in place to ensure the quality of products
      for human or animal use.
    meaning: edam:topic_3393
    title: Quality affairs
  edam:topic_3394:
    text: edam:topic_3394
    description: The protection of public health by controlling the safety and efficacy
      of products in areas including pharmaceuticals, veterinary medicine, medical
      devices, pesticides, agrochemicals, cosmetics, and complementary medicines.
    meaning: edam:topic_3394
    title: Regulatory affairs
  edam:topic_3395:
    text: edam:topic_3395
    description: Biomedical approaches to clinical interventions that involve the
      use of stem cells.
    meaning: edam:topic_3395
    title: Regenerative medicine
  edam:topic_3396:
    text: edam:topic_3396
    description: An interdisciplinary field of study that looks at the dynamic systems
      of the human body as part of an integrted whole, incorporating biochemical,
      physiological, and environmental interactions that sustain life.
    meaning: edam:topic_3396
    title: Systems medicine
  edam:topic_3397:
    text: edam:topic_3397
    description: Topic concerning the branch of medicine that deals with the prevention,
      diagnosis, and treatment of disease, disorder and injury in animals.
    meaning: edam:topic_3397
    title: Veterinary medicine
  edam:topic_3398:
    text: edam:topic_3398
    description: The application of biological concepts and methods to the analytical
      and synthetic methodologies of engineering.
    meaning: edam:topic_3398
    title: Bioengineering
  edam:topic_3399:
    text: edam:topic_3399
    description: The branch of medicine dealing with the diagnosis, treatment and
      prevention of disease in older people, and the problems specific to aging.
    meaning: edam:topic_3399
    title: Geriatric medicine
  edam:topic_3400:
    text: edam:topic_3400
    description: Health issues related to the immune system and their prevention,
      diagnosis and management.
    meaning: edam:topic_3400
    title: Allergy, clinical immunology and immunotherapeutics
  edam:topic_3401:
    text: edam:topic_3401
    description: The prevention of pain and the evaluation, treatment and rehabilitation
      of persons in pain.
    meaning: edam:topic_3401
    title: Pain medicine
  edam:topic_3402:
    text: edam:topic_3402
    description: Anaesthesia and anaesthetics.
    meaning: edam:topic_3402
    title: Anaesthesiology
  edam:topic_3403:
    text: edam:topic_3403
    description: The multidisciplinary that cares for patients with acute, life-threatening
      illness or injury.
    meaning: edam:topic_3403
    title: Critical care medicine
  edam:topic_3404:
    text: edam:topic_3404
    description: The branch of medicine that deals with prevention, diagnosis and
      treatment of disorders of the skin, scalp, hair and nails.
    meaning: edam:topic_3404
    title: Dermatology
  edam:topic_3405:
    text: edam:topic_3405
    description: The study, diagnosis, prevention and treatments of disorders of the
      oral cavity, maxillofacial area and adjacent structures.
    meaning: edam:topic_3405
    title: Dentistry
  edam:topic_3406:
    text: edam:topic_3406
    description: The branch of medicine that deals with the prevention, diagnosis,
      and treatment of disorders of the ear, nose and throat.
    meaning: edam:topic_3406
    title: Ear, nose and throat medicine
  edam:topic_3407:
    text: edam:topic_3407
    description: The branch of medicine dealing with diseases of endocrine organs,
      hormone systems, their target organs, and disorders of the pathways of glucose
      and lipid metabolism.
    meaning: edam:topic_3407
    title: Endocrinology and metabolism
  edam:topic_3408:
    text: edam:topic_3408
    description: The branch of medicine that deals with the blood, blood-forming organs
      and blood diseases.
    meaning: edam:topic_3408
    title: Haematology
  edam:topic_3409:
    text: edam:topic_3409
    description: The branch of medicine that deals with disorders of the oesophagus,
      stomach, duodenum, jejenum, ileum, large intestine, sigmoid colon and rectum.
    meaning: edam:topic_3409
    title: Gastroenterology
  edam:topic_3410:
    text: edam:topic_3410
    description: The study of the biological and physiological differences between
      males and females and how they effect differences in disease presentation and
      management.
    meaning: edam:topic_3410
    title: Gender medicine
  edam:topic_3411:
    text: edam:topic_3411
    description: The branch of medicine that deals with the health of the female reproductive
      system, pregnancy and birth.
    meaning: edam:topic_3411
    title: Gynaecology and obstetrics
  edam:topic_3412:
    text: edam:topic_3412
    description: The branch of medicine that deals with the liver, gallbladder, bile
      ducts and bile.
    meaning: edam:topic_3412
    title: Hepatic and biliary medicine
  edam:topic_3414:
    text: edam:topic_3414
    description: The branch of medicine that treats body wounds or shock produced
      by sudden physical injury, as from violence or accident.
    meaning: edam:topic_3414
    title: Trauma medicine
  edam:topic_3415:
    text: edam:topic_3415
    description: The branch of medicine that deals with the diagnosis, management
      and prevention of poisoning and other adverse health effects caused by medications,
      occupational and environmental toxins, and biological agents.
    meaning: edam:topic_3415
    title: Medical toxicology
  edam:topic_3416:
    text: edam:topic_3416
    description: The branch of medicine that deals with the prevention, diagnosis,
      and treatment of disorders of the muscle, bone and connective tissue. It incorporates
      aspects of orthopaedics, rheumatology, rehabilitation medicine and pain medicine.
    meaning: edam:topic_3416
    title: Musculoskeletal medicine
  edam:topic_3417:
    text: edam:topic_3417
    description: The branch of medicine that deals with disorders of the eye, including
      eyelid, optic nerve/visual pathways and occular muscles.
    meaning: edam:topic_3417
    title: Ophthalmology
  edam:topic_3418:
    text: edam:topic_3418
    description: The branch of medicine that deals with the medical care of infants,
      children and adolescents.
    meaning: edam:topic_3418
    title: Paediatrics
  edam:topic_3419:
    text: edam:topic_3419
    description: The branch of medicine that deals with the management of mental illness,
      emotional disturbance and abnormal behaviour.
    meaning: edam:topic_3419
    title: Psychiatry
  edam:topic_3420:
    text: edam:topic_3420
    description: The health of the reproductive processes, functions and systems at
      all stages of life.
    meaning: edam:topic_3420
    title: Reproductive health
  edam:topic_3421:
    text: edam:topic_3421
    description: The use of operative, manual and instrumental techniques on a patient
      to investigate and/or treat a pathological condition or help improve bodily
      function or appearance.
    meaning: edam:topic_3421
    title: Surgery
  edam:topic_3422:
    text: edam:topic_3422
    description: The branches of medicine and physiology focussing on the function
      and disorders of the urinary system in males and females, the reproductive system
      in males, and the kidney.
    meaning: edam:topic_3422
    title: Urology and nephrology
  edam:topic_3423:
    text: edam:topic_3423
    description: Medical therapies that fall beyond the scope of conventional medicine
      but may be used alongside it in the treatment of disease and ill health.
    meaning: edam:topic_3423
    title: Complementary medicine
  edam:topic_3444:
    text: edam:topic_3444
    description: Techniques that uses magnetic fields and radiowaves to form images,
      typically to investigate the anatomy and physiology of the human body.
    meaning: edam:topic_3444
    title: MRI
  edam:topic_3448:
    text: edam:topic_3448
    description: The study of matter by studying the diffraction pattern from firing
      neutrons at a sample, typically to determine atomic and/or magnetic structure.
    meaning: edam:topic_3448
    title: Neutron diffraction
  edam:topic_3452:
    text: edam:topic_3452
    description: Imaging in sections (sectioning), through the use of a wave-generating
      device (tomograph) that generates an image (a tomogram).
    meaning: edam:topic_3452
    title: Tomography
  edam:topic_3473:
    text: edam:topic_3473
    description: The discovery of patterns in large data sets and the extraction and
      trasnsformation of those patterns into a useful format.
    meaning: edam:topic_3473
    title: Data mining
  edam:topic_3474:
    text: edam:topic_3474
    description: A topic concerning the application of artificial intelligence methods
      to algorithms, in order to create methods that can learn from data in order
      to generate an output, rather than relying on explicitly encoded information
      only.
    meaning: edam:topic_3474
    title: Machine learning
  edam:topic_3489:
    text: edam:topic_3489
    description: The general handling of data stored in digital archives such as databases,
      databanks, web portals, and other data resources.
    meaning: edam:topic_3489
    title: Database management
  edam:topic_3500:
    text: edam:topic_3500
    description: Animals, e.g. information on a specific animal genome including molecular
      sequences, genes and annotation.
    meaning: edam:topic_3500
    title: Zoology
  edam:topic_3510:
    text: edam:topic_3510
    description: The biology, archival, detection, prediction and analysis of positional
      features such as functional and other key sites, in protein sequences and the
      conserved patterns (motifs, profiles etc.) that may be used to describe them.
    meaning: edam:topic_3510
    title: Protein sites, features and motifs
  edam:topic_3511:
    text: edam:topic_3511
    description: The biology, archival, detection, prediction and analysis of positional
      features such as functional and other key sites, in nucleic acid sequences and
      the conserved patterns (motifs, profiles etc.) that may be used to describe
      them.
    meaning: edam:topic_3511
    title: Nucleic acid sites, features and motifs
  edam:topic_3512:
    text: edam:topic_3512
    description: Transcription of DNA into RNA and features of a messenger RNA (mRNA)
      molecules including precursor RNA, primary (unprocessed) transcript and fully
      processed molecules.
    meaning: edam:topic_3512
    title: Gene transcripts
  edam:topic_3516:
    text: edam:topic_3516
    description: Genotype experiment including case control, population, and family
      studies. These might use array based methods and re-sequencing methods.
    meaning: edam:topic_3516
    title: Genotyping experiment
  edam:topic_3517:
    text: edam:topic_3517
    description: Genome-wide association study experiments.
    meaning: edam:topic_3517
    title: GWAS study
  edam:topic_3518:
    text: edam:topic_3518
    description: Microarray experiments including conditions, protocol, sample:data
      relationships etc.
    meaning: edam:topic_3518
    title: Microarray experiment
  edam:topic_3519:
    text: edam:topic_3519
    description: PCR experiments, e.g. quantitative real-time PCR.
    meaning: edam:topic_3519
    title: PCR experiment
  edam:topic_3520:
    text: edam:topic_3520
    description: Proteomics experiments.
    meaning: edam:topic_3520
    title: Proteomics experiment
  edam:topic_3523:
    text: edam:topic_3523
    description: Experiment in which the expression of a specific gene is post-transcriptionally
      knocked down or silenced by means of a small RNA (sRNA) causing the degradation
      of the gene transcript (mRNA), and thus preventing the production of the corresponding
      protein.
    meaning: edam:topic_3523
    title: RNAi experiment
  edam:topic_3524:
    text: edam:topic_3524
    description: Biological computational model experiments (simulation), for example
      the minimum information required in order to permit its correct interpretation
      and reproduction.
    meaning: edam:topic_3524
    title: Simulation experiment
  edam:topic_3534:
    text: edam:topic_3534
    description: Binding sites in proteins, including cleavage sites (for a proteolytic
      enzyme or agent), key residues involved in protein folding, catalytic residues
      (active site) of an enzyme, ligand-binding (non-catalytic) residues of a protein,
      such as sites that bind metal, prosthetic groups or lipids, RNA and DNA-binding
      proteins and binding sites etc.
    meaning: edam:topic_3534
    title: Protein binding sites
  edam:topic_3538:
    text: edam:topic_3538
    description: Disordered structure in a protein.
    meaning: edam:topic_3538
    title: Protein disordered structure
  edam:topic_3542:
    text: edam:topic_3542
    description: Secondary structure (predicted or real) of a protein, including super-secondary
      structure.
    meaning: edam:topic_3542
    title: Protein secondary structure
  edam:topic_3569:
    text: edam:topic_3569
    description: The application of mathematics to specific problems in science, typically
      by the formulation and analysis of mathematical models.
    meaning: edam:topic_3569
    title: Applied mathematics
  edam:topic_3570:
    text: edam:topic_3570
    description: The study of abstract mathematical concepts.
    meaning: edam:topic_3570
    title: Pure mathematics
  edam:topic_3571:
    text: edam:topic_3571
    description: Data governance is the control of data entry and maintenance to ensure
      the data meets defined standards, qualities, or constraints.
    meaning: edam:topic_3571
    title: Data governance
  edam:topic_3572:
    text: edam:topic_3572
    description: The quality, integrity, and cleaning up of data.
    meaning: edam:topic_3572
    title: Data quality management
  edam:topic_3573:
    text: edam:topic_3573
    description: The study of organisms in freshwater ecosystems.
    meaning: edam:topic_3573
    title: Freshwater biology
  edam:topic_3574:
    text: edam:topic_3574
    description: The study of inheritance in human beings.
    meaning: edam:topic_3574
    title: Human genetics
  edam:topic_3575:
    text: edam:topic_3575
    description: Health problems that are prevalent in tropical and subtropical regions.
    meaning: edam:topic_3575
    title: Tropical medicine
  edam:topic_3576:
    text: edam:topic_3576
    description: Biotechnology applied to the medical sciences and the development
      of medicines.
    meaning: edam:topic_3576
    title: Medical biotechnology
  edam:topic_3577:
    text: edam:topic_3577
    description: An approach to medicine whereby decisions, practices and are tailored
      to the individual patient based on their predicted response or risk of disease.
    meaning: edam:topic_3577
    title: Personalised medicine
  edam:topic_3656:
    text: edam:topic_3656
    description: Experimental techniques to purify a protein-DNA crosslinked complex.
      Usually sequencing follows e.g. in the techniques ChIP-chip, ChIP-seq and MeDIP-seq.
    meaning: edam:topic_3656
    title: Immunoprecipitation experiment
  edam:topic_3673:
    text: edam:topic_3673
    description: Laboratory technique to sequence the complete DNA sequence of an
      organism's genome at a single time.
    meaning: edam:topic_3673
    title: Whole genome sequencing
  edam:topic_3674:
    text: edam:topic_3674
    description: Laboratory technique to sequence the methylated regions in DNA.
    meaning: edam:topic_3674
    title: Methylated DNA immunoprecipitation
  edam:topic_3676:
    text: edam:topic_3676
    description: Laboratory technique to sequence all the protein-coding regions in
      a genome, i.e., the exome.
    meaning: edam:topic_3676
    title: Exome sequencing
  edam:topic_3678:
    text: edam:topic_3678
    description: The design of an experiment intended to test a hypothesis, and describe
      or explain empirical data obtained under various experimental conditions.
    meaning: edam:topic_3678
    title: Experimental design and studies
  edam:topic_3679:
    text: edam:topic_3679
    description: The design of an experiment involving non-human animals.
    meaning: edam:topic_3679
    title: Animal study
  edam:topic_3697:
    text: edam:topic_3697
    description: The ecology of microorganisms including their relationship with one
      another and their environment.
    meaning: edam:topic_3697
    title: Microbial ecology
  edam:topic_3794:
    text: edam:topic_3794
    description: An antibody-based technique used to map in vivo RNA-protein interactions.
    meaning: edam:topic_3794
    title: RNA immunoprecipitation
  edam:topic_3796:
    text: edam:topic_3796
    description: Large-scale study (typically comparison) of DNA sequences of populations.
    meaning: edam:topic_3796
    title: Population genomics
  edam:topic_3810:
    text: edam:topic_3810
    description: Multidisciplinary study, research and development within the field
      of agriculture.
    meaning: edam:topic_3810
    title: Agricultural science
  edam:topic_3837:
    text: edam:topic_3837
    description: Approach which samples, in parallel, all genes in all organisms present
      in a given sample, e.g. to provide insight into biodiversity and function.
    meaning: edam:topic_3837
    title: Metagenomic sequencing
  edam:topic_3855:
    text: edam:topic_3855
    description: Study of the environment, the interactions between its physical,
      chemical, and biological components and it's effect on life. Also how humans
      impact upon the environment, and how we can manage and utilise natural resources.
    meaning: edam:topic_3855
    title: Environmental sciences
  edam:topic_3892:
    text: edam:topic_3892
    description: The study and simulation of molecular conformations using a computational
      model and computer simulations.
    meaning: edam:topic_3892
    title: Biomolecular simulation
  edam:topic_3895:
    text: edam:topic_3895
    description: The application of multi-disciplinary science and technology for
      the construction of artificial biological systems for diverse applications.
    meaning: edam:topic_3895
    title: Synthetic biology
  edam:topic_3912:
    text: edam:topic_3912
    description: The application of biotechnology to directly manipulate an organism's
      genes.
    meaning: edam:topic_3912
    title: Genetic engineering
  edam:topic_3922:
    text: edam:topic_3922
    description: A field of biological research focused on the discovery and identification
      of peptides, typically by comparing mass spectra against a protein database.
    meaning: edam:topic_3922
    title: Proteogenomics
  edam:topic_3923:
    text: edam:topic_3923
    description: Laboratory experiment to identify the differences between a specific
      genome (of an individual) and a reference genome (developed typically from many
      thousands of individuals). WGS re-sequencing is used as golden standard to detect
      variations compared to a given reference genome, including small variants (SNP
      and InDels) as well as larger genome re-organisations (CNVs, translocations,
      etc.).
    meaning: edam:topic_3923
    title: Genome resequencing
  edam:topic_3930:
    text: edam:topic_3930
    description: A biomedical field that bridges immunology and genetics, to study
      the genetic basis of the immune system.
    meaning: edam:topic_3930
    title: Immunogenetics
  edam:topic_3931:
    text: edam:topic_3931
    description: Interdisciplinary science focused on extracting information from
      chemical systems by data analytical approaches, for example multivariate statistics,
      applied mathematics, and computer science.
    meaning: edam:topic_3931
    title: Chemometrics
  edam:topic_3934:
    text: edam:topic_3934
    description: Cytometry is the measurement of the characteristics of cells.
    meaning: edam:topic_3934
    title: Cytometry
  edam:topic_3939:
    text: edam:topic_3939
    description: Biotechnology approach that seeks to optimize cellular genetic and
      regulatory processes in order to increase the cells' production of a certain
      substance.
    meaning: edam:topic_3939
    title: Metabolic engineering
  edam:topic_3940:
    text: edam:topic_3940
    description: Molecular biology methods used to analyze the spatial organization
      of chromatin in a cell.
    meaning: edam:topic_3940
    title: Chromosome conformation capture
  edam:topic_3941:
    text: edam:topic_3941
    description: The study of microbe gene expression within natural environments
      (i.e. the metatranscriptome).
    meaning: edam:topic_3941
    title: Metatranscriptomics
  edam:topic_3943:
    text: edam:topic_3943
    description: The reconstruction and analysis of genomic information in extinct
      species.
    meaning: edam:topic_3943
    title: Paleogenomics
  edam:topic_3944:
    text: edam:topic_3944
    description: The biological classification of organisms by categorizing them in
      groups ("clades") based on their most recent common ancestor.
    meaning: edam:topic_3944
    title: Cladistics
  edam:topic_3945:
    text: edam:topic_3945
    description: The study of the process and mechanism of change of biomolecules
      such as DNA, RNA, and proteins across generations.
    meaning: edam:topic_3945
    title: Molecular evolution
  edam:topic_3948:
    text: edam:topic_3948
    description: Immunoinformatics is the field of computational biology that deals
      with the study of immunoloogical questions. Immunoinformatics is at the interface
      between immunology and computer science. It takes advantage of computational,
      statistical, mathematical approaches and enhances the understanding of immunological
      knowledge.
    meaning: edam:topic_3948
    title: Immunoinformatics
  edam:topic_3954:
    text: edam:topic_3954
    description: A diagnostic imaging technique based on the application of ultrasound.
    meaning: edam:topic_3954
    title: Echography
  edam:topic_3955:
    text: edam:topic_3955
    description: Experimental approaches to determine the rates of metabolic reactions
      - the metabolic fluxes - within a biological entity.
    meaning: edam:topic_3955
    title: Fluxomics
  edam:topic_3957:
    text: edam:topic_3957
    description: An experiment for studying protein-protein interactions.
    meaning: edam:topic_3957
    title: Protein interaction experiment
  edam:topic_3958:
    text: edam:topic_3958
    description: A DNA structural variation, specifically a duplication or deletion
      event, resulting in sections of the genome to be repeated, or the number of
      repeats in the genome to vary between individuals.
    meaning: edam:topic_3958
    title: Copy number variation
  edam:topic_3959:
    text: edam:topic_3959
    description: The branch of genetics concerned with the relationships between chromosomes
      and cellular behaviour, especially during mitosis and meiosis.
    meaning: edam:topic_3959
    title: Cytogenetics
  edam:topic_3966:
    text: edam:topic_3966
    description: The design of vaccines to protect against a particular pathogen,
      including antigens, delivery systems, and adjuvants to elicit a predictable
      immune response against specific epitopes.
    meaning: edam:topic_3966
    title: Vaccinology
  edam:topic_3967:
    text: edam:topic_3967
    description: The study of immune system as a whole, its regulation and response
      to pathogens using genome-wide approaches.
    meaning: edam:topic_3967
    title: Immunomics
  edam:topic_3974:
    text: edam:topic_3974
    description: 'Epistasis can be defined as the ability of the genotype at one locus
      to supersede the phenotypic effect of a mutation at another locus. This interaction
      between genes can occur at different level: gene expression, protein levels,
      etc...'
    meaning: edam:topic_3974
    title: Epistasis
  edam:topic_4010:
    text: edam:topic_4010
    description: Open science encompasses the practices of making scientific research
      transparent and participatory, and its outputs publicly accessible.
    meaning: edam:topic_4010
    title: Open science
  edam:topic_4011:
    text: edam:topic_4011
    description: Data rescue denotes digitalisation, formatting, archival, and publication
      of data that were not available in accessible or usable form. Examples are data
      from private archives, data inside publications, or in paper records stored
      privately or publicly.
    meaning: edam:topic_4011
    title: Data rescue
  edam:topic_4012:
    text: edam:topic_4012
    description: FAIR data is scientific data that meets the principles of being findable,
      accessible, interoperable, and reusable.
    meaning: edam:topic_4012
    title: FAIR data
  edam:topic_4013:
    text: edam:topic_4013
    description: Microbial mechanisms for protecting microorganisms against antimicrobial
      agents.
    meaning: edam:topic_4013
    title: Antimicrobial resistance
  edam:topic_4014:
    text: edam:topic_4014
    description: The monitoring method for measuring electrical activity in the brain.
    meaning: edam:topic_4014
    title: Electroencephalography
  edam:topic_4016:
    text: edam:topic_4016
    description: The monitoring method for measuring electrical activity in the heart.
    meaning: edam:topic_4016
    title: Electrocardiography
  edam:topic_4017:
    text: edam:topic_4017
    description: A method for studying biomolecules and other structures at very low
      (cryogenic) temperature using electron microscopy.
    meaning: edam:topic_4017
    title: Cryogenic electron microscopy
  edam:topic_4019:
    text: edam:topic_4019
    description: Biosciences, or life sciences, include fields of study related to
      life, living beings, and biomolecules.
    meaning: edam:topic_4019
    title: Biosciences
  edam:topic_4020:
    text: edam:topic_4020
    description: The carbon cycle is the biogeochemical pathway of carbon moving through
      the different parts of the Earth (such as ocean, atmosphere, soil), or eventually
      another planet.
    meaning: edam:topic_4020
    title: Carbon cycle
  edam:topic_4021:
    text: edam:topic_4021
    description: Multiomics concerns integration of data from multiple omics (e.g.
      transcriptomics, proteomics, epigenomics).
    meaning: edam:topic_4021
    title: Multiomics
  edam:topic_4027:
    text: edam:topic_4027
    description: With ribosome profiling, ribosome-protected mRNA fragments are analyzed
      with RNA-seq techniques leading to a genome-wide measurement of the translation
      landscape.
    meaning: edam:topic_4027
    title: Ribosome Profiling
  edam:topic_4028:
    text: edam:topic_4028
    description: Combined with NGS (Next Generation Sequencing) technologies, single-cell
      sequencing allows the study of genetic information (DNA, RNA, epigenome...)
      at a single cell level. It is often used for differential analysis and gene
      expression profiling.
    meaning: edam:topic_4028
    title: Single-cell sequencing
  edam:topic_4029:
    text: edam:topic_4029
    description: The study of mechanical waves in liquids, solids, and gases.
    meaning: edam:topic_4029
    title: Acoustics
  edam:topic_4030:
    text: edam:topic_4030
    description: Interdisplinary study of behavior, precise control, and manipulation
      of low (microlitre) volume fluids in constrained space.
    meaning: edam:topic_4030
    title: Microfluidics
  edam:topic_4037:
    text: edam:topic_4037
    description: Genomic imprinting is a gene regulation mechanism by which a subset
      of genes are expressed from one of the two parental chromosomes only. Imprinted
      genes are organized in clusters, their silencing/activation of the imprinted
      loci involves epigenetic marks (DNA methylation, etc) and so-called imprinting
      control regions (ICR). It has been described in mammals, but also plants and
      insects.
    meaning: edam:topic_4037
    title: Genomic imprinting
  edam:topic_4038:
    text: edam:topic_4038
    description: Metabarcoding is the barcoding of (environmental) DNA or RNA to identify
      multiple taxa from the same sample.
    meaning: edam:topic_4038
    title: Metabarcoding
  edam:topic_4044:
    text: edam:topic_4044
    description: Data protection is a topic concerning data that should be protected
      from disclosure, damage, or unauthorised access, due to its sensitive nature.
    meaning: edam:topic_4044
    title: Data protection
  edam:topic_4045:
    text: edam:topic_4045
    description: Cybersecurity is a topic comprising the approaches and technologies
      that enable the protection of computer systems, networks and programs from digital
      attacks. It ensures the availability, integrity, and confidentiality of processed
      and stored information.
    meaning: edam:topic_4045
    title: Cybersecurity
  edam:topic_4046:
    text: edam:topic_4046
    description: Version control is a technology for consistent management, storing,
      and sharing of evolving versions of digital artefacts, such as computer programs,
      scripts, documents, data, or media files.
    meaning: edam:topic_4046
    title: Version control
  edam:topic_4047:
    text: edam:topic_4047
    description: Software management comprises the practices and principles of taking
      care of software and software-based or software-like services, other than programming
      and maintenance. This includes for example taking care of the associated information
      and documentation, and the processes of contribution, validation, release/publication,
      or deployment.
    meaning: edam:topic_4047
    title: Software management
  edam:topic_4051:
    text: edam:topic_4051
    description: Chromatin immunoprecipitation-based exeperiment similar to ChIP-seq,
      with an additional experimental step using an exonuclease to increase the resolution
      of protein binding site identification.
    meaning: edam:topic_4051
    title: ChIP-exo
  edam:topic_4052:
    text: edam:topic_4052
    description: High-throughput genomic and epigenomic technique that capture chromatin
      conformation, allowing a genome-wide identification of chromatin interactions
      and structure.
    meaning: edam:topic_4052
    title: Hi-C
  edam:topic_4053:
    text: edam:topic_4053
    description: Assay for Transposase-Accessible Chromatin with high throughput sequencing.
      This technique is designed for the genome-wide detection of open chromatin regions.
    meaning: edam:topic_4053
    title: ATAC-seq
  edam:topic_4054:
    text: edam:topic_4054
    description: Experiment in which the expression of a given gene is knocked down
      by means of a micro RNA (miRNA) causing the degradation of the gene transcript
      (mRNA).
    meaning: edam:topic_4054
    title: miRNA silencing
  edam:topic_4055:
    text: edam:topic_4055
    description: Experiment in which the expression of a given gene is knocked down
      by means of a small interfering RNA (siRNA) causing the degradation of the gene
      transcript (mRNA).
    meaning: edam:topic_4055
    title: siRNA experiment
  edam:topic_4056:
    text: edam:topic_4056
    description: Long-read sequencing is a sequencing method that produces reads thousands
      to millions of base pairs long, allowing for better resolution of complex regions,
      structural variants, and full-length transcripts.
    meaning: edam:topic_4056
    title: Long-read sequencing
  edam:topic_4057:
    text: edam:topic_4057
    description: Short-read sequencing is a high-throughput sequencing method that
      generates millions of short nucleotide fragments, typically 50–300 base pairs
      in length.
    meaning: edam:topic_4057
    title: Short-read sequencing
  edam:topic_4060:
    text: edam:topic_4060
    description: Metaproteomics is the profiling of proteins in a sample that contains
      material from multiple species or strains of organisms.
    meaning: edam:topic_4060
    title: Metaproteomics
  edam:topic_4061:
    text: edam:topic_4061
    description: Bisulfite sequencing is a sequencing technique used to determine
      DNA methylation patterns by treating DNA with bisulfite, which converts unmethylated
      cytosines to uracils while leaving methylated cytosines unchanged.
    meaning: edam:topic_4061
    title: Bisulfite sequencing
  edam:topic_4062:
    text: edam:topic_4062
    description: Bulk RNA barcoding and sequencing (BRB-seq) is a highly mutliplexed
      bulk RNA-Seq technique where each RNA sample gets a barcode, and many samples
      are sequenced together.
    meaning: edam:topic_4062
    title: Bulk RNA barcoding and sequencing
  edam:topic_4063:
    text: edam:topic_4063
    description: DNase sequencing is a technique used to identify regions of open
      chromatin by sequencing DNA fragments generated after treatment with DNase I,
      which preferentially cuts accessible DNA.
    meaning: edam:topic_4063
    title: DNase sequencing
  edam:topic_4064:
    text: edam:topic_4064
    description: Specific sequencing of small RNAs using a variant of RNA-seq, with
      an additional fragment size selection step.
    meaning: edam:topic_4064
    title: MicroRNA sequencing
  edam:topic_4065:
    text: edam:topic_4065
    description: Exposomics is the systematic and comprehensive study of the exposome
      and the associated biological responses (exposure-phenotype interaction). Exposome
      is the totality of environmental exposures, that is, the cumulative (e.g. life-long)
      totality of contacts between external factors (e.g. chemical agents) and a living
      organism, a population, or a biological taxon.
    meaning: edam:topic_4065
    title: Exposomics
reachable_from:
  source_ontology: bioregistry:edam
  source_nodes:
  - edam:topic_0003
  relationship_types:
  - rdfs:subClassOf
  is_direct: false
  include_self: false